NETGEAR Multiple Routers Remote Code Execution
CVE-2016-6277 is a high-severity cross-site request forgery vulnerability in D6220 Firmware from NETGEAR, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, but only if a user takes part, for example by opening a link or file. Affected D6220 Firmware versions: 1.0.0.22 and earlier. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on March 7, 2022, which means attacks have been observed in the wild.
Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.
What to do
- Check which version of D6220 Firmware you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- CISA's required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
- Read the advisory on kb.netgear.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
- Because the attack needs a user to take part, warn users about unexpected links and files related to this product until it is patched.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| NETGEAR | D6220 Firmware | 1.0.0.22 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | D6400 Firmware | 1.0.0.56 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R6250 Firmware | 1.0.4.6_10.1.12 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R6400 Firmware | 1.0.1.18 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R6700 Firmware | 1.0.1.14 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R6900 Firmware | 1.0.1.14 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R7000 Firmware | 1.0.7.2_1.1.93 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R7100lg Firmware | 1.0.0.28 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R7300dst Firmware | 1.0.0.46 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R7900 Firmware | 1.0.1.8 and earlier | Not stated |
| NETGEAR | R8000 Firmware | 1.0.3.26 and earlier | Not stated |
Version data comes from NVD's product matching. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- RequiredA user must take an action such as opening a file or link.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.8 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.8 | High | CISA (ADP) |
| CVSS 2.0 | 9.3 | High | NVD |
Official description
NETGEAR R6250 before 1.0.4.6.Beta, R6400 before 1.0.1.18.Beta, R6700 before 1.0.1.14.Beta, R6900, R7000 before 1.0.7.6.Beta, R7100LG before 1.0.0.28.Beta, R7300DST before 1.0.0.46.Beta, R7900 before 1.0.1.8.Beta, R8000 before 1.0.3.26.Beta, D6220, D6400, D7000, and possibly other routers allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in the path info to cgi-bin/.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Cross-Site Request Forgery
The web application does not, or cannot, sufficiently verify whether a request was intentionally provided by the user who sent the request, which could have originated from an unauthorized actor.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, use anti-CSRF packages such as the OWASP CSRFGuard. Another example is the ESAPI Session Management control, which includes a component for CSRF.
- Ensure that the application is free of cross-site scripting issues (CWE-79), because most CSRF defenses can be bypassed using attacker-controlled script.
- Generate a unique nonce for each form, place the nonce into the form, and verify the nonce upon receipt of the form. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
- Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Third-party and government advisories
- exploit-db.com/exploits/40889/Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- kb.cert.org/vuls/id/582384Third Party Advisory, US Government Resource
- cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2016-6277US Government Resource
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/155712/Netgear-R6400-Remote-Code-Execution.htmlExploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- exploit-db.com/exploits/41598/Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
Other vulnerabilities in D6220 Firmware
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
Recent Cross-Site Request Forgery vulnerabilities
- 8.0 High severity
- 9.3 High severity
Cisco IOS Cross-Site Request Forgery Exploited
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