Oracle WebLogic Server, Injection
CVE-2019-2725 is a critical-severity improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component vulnerability in Tape Library ACSLS from Oracle, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected Tape Library ACSLS versions: 8.5. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on January 10, 2022, which means attacks have been observed in the wild, including in ransomware campaigns.
Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.
What to do
- Update VM Virtualbox to 5.2.36 or 6.0.16 or 6.1.2, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- CISA's required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
- Read the advisory on oracle.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Oracle | Tape Library ACSLS | 8.5 | Not stated |
| Oracle | Agile Product Lifecycle Management | 9.3.3; 9.3.4; 9.3.5 | Not stated |
| Oracle | Communications Converged Application Server | 5.1; 7.0; 7.1 | Not stated |
| Oracle | Peoplesoft Enterprise Peopletools | 8.56; 8.57; 8.58 | Not stated |
| Oracle | Storagetek Tape Analytics Sw Tool | 2.3 | Not stated |
| Oracle | Tape Virtual Storage Manager Gui | 6.2 | Not stated |
| Oracle | VM Virtualbox | before 5.2.36; 6.0.0 up to, but not including, 6.0.16; 6.1.0 up to, but not including, 6.1.2; 5.2.36 | 5.2.36, 6.0.16, 6.1.2 |
| Oracle | Weblogic Server | 10.3.6.0.0; 12.1.3.0.0 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | NVD |
| CVSS 3.0 | 7.5 | High | CNA (oracle.com) |
| CVSS 2.0 | 7.5 | High | NVD |
Official description
Vulnerability in the Oracle WebLogic Server component of Oracle Fusion Middleware (subcomponent: Web Services). Supported versions that are affected are 10.3.6.0.0 and 12.1.3.0.0. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTP to compromise Oracle WebLogic Server. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle WebLogic Server. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
The product constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Programming languages and supporting technologies might be chosen which are not subject to these issues.
- Utilize an appropriate mix of allowlist and denylist parsing to filter control-plane syntax from all input.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
- Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Third-party and government advisories
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/152756/Oracle-Weblogic-Server-Deserialization-Remote-Code-Execution.htmlThird Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- support.f5.com/csp/article/K90059138Third Party Advisory
- cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-2725US Government Resource
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- exploit-db.com/exploits/46780/Exploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
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