IBM Data Risk Manager Directory Traversal
CVE-2020-4430 is a medium-severity improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory vulnerability in Data Risk Manager from IBM, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 4.3 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected Data Risk Manager versions: 2.0.1; 2.0.2; 2.0.3, and others listed below. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on November 3, 2021, which means attacks have been observed in the wild.
Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.
What to do
- Check which version of Data Risk Manager you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- CISA's required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
- Read the advisory on exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Data Risk Manager | 2.0.1; 2.0.2; 2.0.3; 2.0.4; 2.0.5; 2.0.6 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- LowSome restricted data can be read.
- Integrity
- NoneNothing can be modified.
- Availability
- NoneAvailability is not affected.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 4.3 | Medium | NVD |
| CVSS 3.0 | 4.3 | Medium | CNA (us.ibm.com) |
| CVSS 2.0 | 4.0 | Medium | NVD |
Official description
IBM Data Risk Manager 2.0.1, 2.0.2, 2.0.3, and 2.0.4 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to traverse directories on the system. An attacker could send a specially-crafted URL request to download arbitrary files from the system. IBM X-Force ID: 180535.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth.
More Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory vulnerabilities (CWE-22)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
- Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Third-party and government advisories
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Nov/0Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Nov/1Mailing List, Third Party Advisory
- cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2020-4430US Government Resource
Other vulnerabilities in Data Risk Manager
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
IBM Data Risk Manager Security Bypass Exploited
Recent Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
Juniper Junos OS Path Traversal Exploited
- 6.5 Medium severity
SaltStack Salt Path Traversal Exploited
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
TVT NVMS-1000 Directory Traversal Exploited
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
SonicWall SMA100 Directory Traversal Exploited
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