TerraMaster OS Remote Command Execution
CVE-2022-24990 is a high-severity missing authentication for critical functionality vulnerability in Terramaster Operating System from Terra-master, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 4.2.31 as the first without the flaw, so updating Terramaster Operating System to that release or later removes the exposure. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on February 10, 2023, which means attacks have been observed in the wild, including in ransomware campaigns.
Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.
What to do
- Update Terramaster Operating System to 4.2.31 or a later version.
- CISA's required action: Apply updates per vendor instructions.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Terra-master | Terramaster Operating System | before 4.2.31 | 4.2.31 |
Version data comes from NVD's product matching. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- NoneNothing can be modified.
- Availability
- NoneAvailability is not affected.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.5 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | CISA (ADP) |
Official description
TerraMaster NAS 4.2.29 and earlier allows remote attackers to discover the administrative password by sending "User-Agent: TNAS" to module/api.php?mobile/webNasIPS and then reading the PWD field in the response.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality
The product does not perform any authentication for functionality that requires a provable user identity or consumes a significant amount of resources.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator.
- When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to require strong authentication for users who should be allowed to access the data.
More Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality vulnerabilities (CWE-306)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
- Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Patches and release notes
- forum.terra-master.com/en/viewforum.php?f=28Issue Tracking, Release Notes
Third-party and government advisories
- broadcom.com/support/security-center/attacksignatures/detail?asid=33732Third Party Advisory
- cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2022-24990US Government Resource
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/172904/TerraMaster-TOS-4.2.29-Remote-Code-Execution.htmlExploit, Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- github.com/0xf4n9x/CVE-2022-24990Exploit, Third Party Advisory
- octagon.net/blog/2022/03/07/cve-2022-24990-terrmaster-tos-unauthenticated-remote-command-execution-via-php-ob…Exploit, Third Party Advisory
Other vulnerabilities in Terramaster Operating System
- 9.8 Critical severity
Recent Missing Authentication for Critical Functionality vulnerabilities
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
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