3cx: Insufficiently Protected Credentials
CVE-2022-28005 is a critical-severity insufficiently protected credentials vulnerability in 3cx, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected 3cx versions: 18.0.3.450 and earlier. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 8.35% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is in the top 4.96% of all scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Check which version of 3cx you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Read the advisory on 3cx.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
Version data comes from NVD's product matching. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 5.0 | Medium | NVD |
Official description
An issue was discovered in the 3CX Phone System Management Console prior to version 18 Update 3 FINAL. An unauthenticated attacker could abuse improperly secured access to arbitrary files on the server (via /Electron/download directory traversal in conjunction with a path component that uses backslash characters), leading to cleartext credential disclosure. Afterwards, the authenticated attacker is able to upload a file that overwrites a 3CX service binary, leading to Remote Code Execution as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM on Windows installations. NOTE: this issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-48482.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Insufficiently Protected Credentials
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
- Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
- Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
More Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerabilities (CWE-522)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
- 3cx.com/blog/change-log/phone-system-change-log/Release Notes
- 3cx.com/blog/releases/v18-security-hotfix/Release Notes
- 3cx.com/blog/releases/v18-update-3-final/Release Notes
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in 3cx
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
Recent Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerabilities
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.6 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
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