QTS: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
CVE-2023-23355 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in a command vulnerability in QTS from QNAP, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.2 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with administrator privileges, without any action from a user. The record lists versions 5.0.1.2346 build 20230322, 4.5.4.2374 build 20230416 as the first without the flaw, so updating QTS to one of those releases or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 1.23% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 69% of scored CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update QTS to 5.0.1.2346 build 20230322 or 4.5.4.2374 build 20230416, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- Update QuTS hero to h5.0.1.2348 build 20230324 or h4.5.4.2374 build 20230417, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- Update QuTScloud to c5.0.1.2374 or a later version.
- Read the advisory on qnap.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP | QTS | 5.0.* up to, but not including, 5.0.1.2346 build 20230322; 4.5.* up to, but not including, 4.5.4.2374 build 20230416 | 5.0.1.2346 build 20230322, 4.5.4.2374 build 20230416 |
| QNAP | QuTS hero | h5.0.* up to, but not including, h5.0.1.2348 build 20230324; h4.5.* up to, but not including, h4.5.4.2374 build 20230417 | h5.0.1.2348 build 20230324, h4.5.4.2374 build 20230417 |
| QNAP | QuTScloud | c5.0.1 up to, but not including, c5.0.1.2374 | c5.0.1.2374 |
| QNAP | QES | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvr | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-41b Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-63b Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-85b Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-21a Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-41a Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-63a Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| QNAP | Qvp-85a Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- HighAdministrator-level access is required first.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 6.6 | Medium | CNA (qnapsecurity.com.tw) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.2 | High | NVD |
Official description
An OS command injection vulnerability has been reported to affect QNAP operating systems. If exploited, the vulnerability possibly allows remote authenticated administrators to execute commands via unspecified vectors. QES is not affected. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.0.1.2346 build 20230322 and later QTS 4.5.4.2374 build 20230416 and later QuTS hero h5.0.1.2348 build 20230324 and later QuTS hero h4.5.4.2374 build 20230417 and later QuTScloud c5.0.1.2374 and later
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities (CWE-77)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Other vulnerabilities in QTS
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities
- 7.2 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
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