ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware…: Relative Path Traversal
CVE-2023-3941 is a critical-severity relative path traversal vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 from ZkTeco, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 10.0 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 versions: ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.92% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 61% of scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Check which version of ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZkTeco | ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 | ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 | Not stated |
| Zkteco | smartec_st_fr041me | ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and earlier | Not stated |
| Zkteco | facedepot_7b | ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and earlier | Not stated |
| Zkteco | smartec_st_fr043 | ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and earlier | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- ChangedThe attack can reach beyond the vulnerable component into other systems.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (kaspersky.com).
Official description
Relative Path Traversal vulnerability in ZkTeco-based OEM devices allows an attacker to write any file on the system with root privileges. This issue affects ZkTeco-based OEM devices (ZkTeco ProFace X, Smartec ST-FR043, Smartec ST-FR041ME and possibly others) with the ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0 and possibly others.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Relative Path Traversal
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that should be within a restricted directory, but it does not properly neutralize sequences such as.. that can resolve to a location that is outside of that directory.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: yes, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other vulnerabilities in ZkTeco-based OEM devices with firmware ZAM170-NF-1.8.25-7354-Ver1.0.0
- 10.0 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 10.0 Critical severity
Recent Relative Path Traversal vulnerabilities
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 9.9 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
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