CyberSecBulletin
CVE-2024-12398NVD status: Analyzed

WBE530 firmware: Improper Privilege Management

Published Updated By the CyberSecBulletin desk

CVE-2024-12398 is a high-severity improper privilege management vulnerability in WBE530 firmware from Zyxel, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected WBE530 firmware versions: <= 7.00(ACLE.3). The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.53% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.

Next patch cycle

High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.

What to do

  1. Update Nwa50ax Firmware to 7.10\(abyw.1\) or a later version.
  2. Update Nwa50ax Pro Firmware to 7.10\(acge.1\) or a later version.
  3. Update Nwa55axe Firmware to 7.10\(abzl.1\) or a later version.
  4. Read the advisory on zyxel.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.

Affected products and versions

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed in
ZyxelWBE530 firmware<= 7.00(ACLE.3)Not stated
ZyxelWBE660S firmware<= 6.70(ACGG.2)Not stated
ZyxelNwa50ax Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abyw.1\)7.10\(abyw.1\)
ZyxelNwa50ax Pro Firmwarebefore 7.10\(acge.1\)7.10\(acge.1\)
ZyxelNwa55axe Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abzl.1\)7.10\(abzl.1\)
ZyxelNwa90ax Firmwarebefore 7.10\(accv.1\)7.10\(accv.1\)
ZyxelNwa90ax Pro Firmwarebefore 7.10\(acgf.1\)7.10\(acgf.1\)
ZyxelNwa110ax Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abtg.1\)7.10\(abtg.1\)
ZyxelNwa130be Firmwarebefore 7.10\(acil.1\)7.10\(acil.1\)
ZyxelNwa210ax Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abtd.1\)7.10\(abtd.1\)
ZyxelNwa220ax-6e Firmwarebefore 7.10\(acco.1\)7.10\(acco.1\)
ZyxelNwa1123acv3 Firmwarebefore 6.70\(abvt.6\)6.70\(abvt.6\)
ZyxelWac500 Firmwarebefore 6.70\(abvs.6\)6.70\(abvs.6\)
ZyxelWac500h Firmwarebefore 6.70\(abwa.6\)6.70\(abwa.6\)
ZyxelWax300h Firmwarebefore 7.10\(achf.1\)7.10\(achf.1\)
ZyxelWax510d Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abtf.1\)7.10\(abtf.1\)
ZyxelWax610d Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abte.1\)7.10\(abte.1\)
ZyxelWax620d-6e Firmwarebefore 7.10\(accn.1\)7.10\(accn.1\)
ZyxelWax630s Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abzd.1\)7.10\(abzd.1\)
ZyxelWax640s-6e Firmwarebefore 7.10\(accm.1\)7.10\(accm.1\)
ZyxelWax650s Firmwarebefore 7.10\(abrm.1\)7.10\(abrm.1\)
ZyxelWax655e Firmwarebefore 7.10\(acdo.1\)7.10\(acdo.1\)
ZyxelUsg Lite 60ax Firmwarebefore 2.10\(acip.0\)2.10\(acip.0\)

Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.

How the severity score breaks down

Attack vector
NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
Attack complexity
LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
Privileges required
LowA basic user account is enough.
User interaction
NoneNo action by a victim is required.
Scope
UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
Confidentiality
HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
Integrity
HighData or code can be modified at will.
Availability
HighThe component can be taken down completely.

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (zyxel.com.tw).

Official description

An improper privilege management vulnerability in the web management interface of the Zyxel WBE530 firmware versions through 7.00(ACLE.3) and WBE660S firmware versions through 6.70(ACGG.2) could allow an authenticated user with limited privileges to escalate their privileges to that of an administrator, enabling them to upload configuration files to a vulnerable device.

Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.

The underlying weakness: Improper Privilege Management

The product does not properly assign, modify, track, or check privileges for an actor, creating an unintended sphere of control for that actor.

How developers prevent this class of flaw

  • Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
  • Follow the principle of least privilege when assigning access rights to entities in a software system.
  • Consider following the principle of separation of privilege. Require multiple conditions to be met before permitting access to a system resource.

More Improper Privilege Management vulnerabilities (CWE-269)

Timeline

  1. CVE record published.
  2. CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
  3. Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).

References

Other vulnerabilities in WBE530 firmware

All WBE530 firmware vulnerabilities

Recent Improper Privilege Management vulnerabilities

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