DIR-X5460 A1: Stack-based Buffer Overflow
CVE-2024-45694 is a critical-severity stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in DIR-X5460 A1 from D-Link, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected DIR-X5460 A1 versions: 1.01; 1.02; 1.04, and others listed below. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 1.91% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 80% of scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Check which version of DIR-X5460 A1 you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| D-Link | DIR-X5460 A1 | 1.01; 1.02; 1.04; 1.10 | Not stated |
| D-Link | DIR-X4860 A1 | 1.00; 1.04 | Not stated |
| D-Link | dir-x4860_firmware | 1.00; 1.04 | Not stated |
| D-Link | dir-x5460_firmware | 1.01; 1.02; 1.04; 1.10 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (cert.org.tw).
Official description
The web service of certain models of D-Link wireless routers contains a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability, which allows unauthenticated remote attackers to exploit this vulnerability to execute arbitrary code on the device.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Stack-based Buffer Overflow
The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the stack.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking. D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND discusses canary-based detection in detail.
- Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
- Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-8081-3fb39-2.htmlThird Party Advisory
- twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-8080-7f494-1.htmlThird Party Advisory
Recent Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
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