Orca HCM: Weak Authentication
CVE-2025-1387 is a critical-severity weak authentication vulnerability in Orca HCM from Learning Digital, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 11.0 as the first without the flaw, so updating Orca HCM to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.58% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Update Orca HCM to 11.0 or a later version.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Learning Digital | Orca HCM | before 11.0 | 11.0 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (cert.org.tw).
Official description
Orca HCM from LEARNING DIGITAL has an Improper Authentication vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to log in to the system as any user.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Weak Authentication
The product uses an authentication mechanism to restrict access to specific users or identities, but the mechanism does not sufficiently prove that the claimed identity is correct.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-8428-59a9a-2.htmlThird Party Advisory
- twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-8427-daea8-1.htmlThird Party Advisory
Other vulnerabilities in Orca HCM
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
Recent Weak Authentication vulnerabilities
- 8.1 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
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