Enhanced: Missing User Interaction for Potentially Unsafe Action
CVE-2025-14404 is a high-severity missing user interaction for potentially unsafe action vulnerability in Enhanced from PDFsam, with a CVSS 3.0 base score of 7.0 out of 10. It can be exploited with local access to the system by an unauthenticated attacker, but only if a user takes part, for example by opening a link or file. Affected Enhanced versions: 7.0.76.15222. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.26% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of Enhanced you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Because the attack needs a user to take part, warn users about unexpected links and files related to this product until it is patched.
Affected products and versions
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- LocalThe attacker needs local access or must trick a user into running something.
- Attack complexity
- HighSuccess depends on conditions outside the attacker's control.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- RequiredA user must take an action such as opening a file or link.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (trendmicro.com).
Official description
PDFsam Enhanced XLS File Insufficient UI Warning Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDFsam Enhanced. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the processing of XLS files. The issue results from allowing the execution of dangerous script without user warning. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current user. Was ZDI-CAN-27498.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Missing User Interaction for Potentially Unsafe Action
The product encounters a situation in which some of its behavior is security-critical and should be authorized by a human before progressing, but it does not properly consult with the human user or its proxy (such as UI approval dialogues or pre-set policies) to determine whether it is allowed to perform the potentially dangerous behavior.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Product systems should warn users that a potentially dangerous action may occur if the user proceeds. For example, if the user downloads a file from an unknown source and attempts to execute the file on their machine, then the application's GUI can indicate that the file is unsafe.
More Missing User Interaction for Potentially Unsafe Action vulnerabilities (CWE-356)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-25-1092/Third Party Advisory
Other vulnerabilities in Enhanced
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.0 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
Recent Missing User Interaction for Potentially Unsafe Action vulnerabilities
- 7.0 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.0 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
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