Linux: Out-of-bounds Read
CVE-2025-23157 is a high-severity out-of-bounds read vulnerability in Linux, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.1 out of 10. It can be exploited with local access to the system by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. The record lists versions e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e, 2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa, 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e as the first without the flaw, so updating Linux to one of those releases or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.22% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update Linux to e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e or 2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa or 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e or 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- Update Linux Kernel to 5.4.293 or 5.10.237 or 5.15.181 or 6.1.135, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linux | Linux | 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, 2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, d4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, 53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, b2541e29d82da8a0df728aadec3e0a8db55d517b; 1a73374a04e555103e5369429a30999114001dda up to, but not including, cb5be9039f91979f8a2fac29f529f746d7848f3e; and 2 more ranges | e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e, 2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa, 1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e, 26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1, d4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45, 53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3 |
| Linux | Linux Kernel | 4.19 up to, but not including, 5.4.293; 5.5 up to, but not including, 5.10.237; 5.11 up to, but not including, 5.15.181; 5.16 up to, but not including, 6.1.135; 6.2 up to, but not including, 6.6.88; 6.7 up to, but not including, 6.12.24; 6.13 up to, but not including, 6.13.12; 6.14 up to, but not including, 6.14.3 | 5.4.293, 5.10.237, 5.15.181, 6.1.135, 6.6.88, 6.12.24 |
| Debian | Debian Linux | 11.0 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- LocalThe attacker needs local access or must trick a user into running something.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- NoneNothing can be modified.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.8 | High | CNA |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.1 | High | NVD |
Official description
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: media: venus: hfi_parser: add check to avoid out of bound access There is a possibility that init_codecs is invoked multiple times during manipulated payload from video firmware. In such case, if codecs_count can get incremented to value more than MAX_CODEC_NUM, there can be OOB access. Reset the count so that it always starts from beginning.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Out-of-bounds Read
The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Patches and release notes
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/172bf5a9ef70a399bb227809db78442dc01d9e48
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/1ad6aa1464b8a5ce5c194458315021e8d216108e
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/26bbedd06d85770581fda5d78e78539bb088fad1
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/2b8b9ea4e26a501eb220ea189e42b4527e65bdfa
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/53e376178ceacca3ef1795038b22fc9ef45ff1d3
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/b2541e29d82da8a0df728aadec3e0a8db55d517b
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb5be9039f91979f8a2fac29f529f746d7848f3e
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/d4d88ece4ba91df5b02f1d3f599650f9e9fc0f45
- git.kernel.org/stable/c/e5133a0b25463674903fdc0528e0a29b7267130e
Other references
Recent Out-of-bounds Read vulnerabilities
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
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