U-Office Force: Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking
CVE-2025-2395 is a critical-severity reliance on cookies without validation and integrity checking vulnerability in U-Office Force from e-Excellence, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 28.0 as the first without the flaw, so updating U-Office Force to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.59% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Update U-Office Force to 28.0 or a later version.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| e-Excellence | U-Office Force | before 28.0 | 28.0 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (cert.org.tw).
Official description
The U-Office Force from e-Excellence has an Improper Authentication vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to use a particular API and alter cookies to log in as an administrator.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking
The product relies on the existence or values of cookies when performing security-critical operations, but it does not properly ensure that the setting is valid for the associated user.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Avoid using cookie data for a security-related decision.
- Perform thorough input validation (i.e.: server side validation) on the cookie data if you're going to use it for a security related decision.
- Add integrity checks to detect tampering.
More Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking vulnerabilities (CWE-565)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10012-d5bbc-2.htmlThird Party Advisory
- twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10011-3de72-1.htmlThird Party Advisory
Other vulnerabilities in U-Office Force
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
Recent Reliance on Cookies without Validation and Integrity Checking vulnerabilities
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
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