CyberSecBulletin
CVE-2025-25015NVD status: Analyzed

Kibana: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes

CVE-2025-25015 is a critical-severity improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes vulnerability in Kibana from Elastic, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.9 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. The record lists versions 8.16.6, 8.17.3 as the first without the flaw, so updating Kibana to one of those releases or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 1.31% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 71% of scored CVEs.

Patch this week

Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.

What to do

  1. Update Kibana to 8.16.6 or 8.17.3, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
  2. Read the advisory on discuss.elastic.co for workarounds and exact fixed builds.

Affected products and versions

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed in
ElasticKibana8.15.0 up to, but not including, 8.16.6; 8.17.0 up to, but not including, 8.17.38.16.6, 8.17.3

Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.

How the severity score breaks down

Attack vector
NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
Attack complexity
LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
Privileges required
LowA basic user account is enough.
User interaction
NoneNo action by a victim is required.
Scope
ChangedThe attack can reach beyond the vulnerable component into other systems.
Confidentiality
HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
Integrity
HighData or code can be modified at will.
Availability
HighThe component can be taken down completely.

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (elastic.co).

Official description

Prototype pollution in Kibana leads to arbitrary code execution via a crafted file upload and specifically crafted HTTP requests. In Kibana versions >= 8.15.0 and < 8.17.1, this is exploitable by users with the Viewer role. In Kibana versions 8.17.1 and 8.17.2 , this is only exploitable by users that have roles that contain all the following privileges: fleet-all, integrations-all, actions:execute-advanced-connectors

Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.

The underlying weakness: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes

The product receives input from an upstream component that specifies attributes that are to be initialized or updated in an object, but it does not properly control modifications of attributes of the object prototype.

How developers prevent this class of flaw

  • By freezing the object prototype first (for example, Object.freeze(Object.prototype)), modification of the prototype becomes impossible.
  • By blocking modifications of attributes that resolve to object prototype, such as proto or prototype, this weakness can be mitigated.
  • When handling untrusted objects, validating using a schema can be used.

More Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes vulnerabilities (CWE-1321)

Timeline

  1. CVE record published.
  2. CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
  3. Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).

References

Other vulnerabilities in Kibana

All Kibana vulnerabilities

Recent Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes vulnerabilities

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