SMA100: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
CVE-2025-32821 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vulnerability in SMA100 from SonicWall, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.2 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with administrator privileges, without any action from a user. Affected SMA100 versions: 10.2.1.14-75sv and earlier versions. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 23.5% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is in the top 2.17% of all scored CVEs.
EPSS places it among the vulnerabilities most likely to be exploited soon.
What to do
- Update Sma 100 Firmware to 10.2.1.15-81sv or a later version.
- Update Sma 200 Firmware to 10.2.1.15-81sv or a later version.
- Update Sma 210 Firmware to 10.2.1.15-81sv or a later version.
- Read the advisory on psirt.global.sonicwall.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| SonicWall | SMA100 | 10.2.1.14-75sv and earlier versions | Not stated |
| SonicWall | Sma 100 Firmware | before 10.2.1.15-81sv | 10.2.1.15-81sv |
| SonicWall | Sma 200 Firmware | before 10.2.1.15-81sv | 10.2.1.15-81sv |
| SonicWall | Sma 210 Firmware | before 10.2.1.15-81sv | 10.2.1.15-81sv |
| SonicWall | Sma 400 Firmware | before 10.2.1.15-81sv | 10.2.1.15-81sv |
| SonicWall | Sma 410 Firmware | before 10.2.1.15-81sv | 10.2.1.15-81sv |
| SonicWall | Sma 500v Firmware | before 10.2.1.15-81sv | 10.2.1.15-81sv |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- HighAdministrator-level access is required first.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.2 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.1 | High | CISA (ADP) |
Official description
A vulnerability in SMA100 allows a remote authenticated attacker with SSLVPN admin privileges can with admin privileges can inject shell command arguments to upload a file on the appliance.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities (CWE-78)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other vulnerabilities in SMA100
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
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