ActADUR: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
CVE-2025-3621 is a critical-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in a command vulnerability in ActADUR from ProTNS, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.6 out of 10. It can be exploited from the same local network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version v2.0.2.0 as the first without the flaw, so updating ActADUR to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.69% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 53% of scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Update ActADUR to v2.0.2.0 or a later version.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| ProTNS | ActADUR | v2.0.1.9 up to, but not including, v2.0.2.0 | v2.0.2.0 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- AdjacentThe attacker must be on the same local network segment.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- ChangedThe attack can reach beyond the vulnerable component into other systems.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- LowPerformance or availability is reduced.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L. Scored by CNA.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 9.4 | Critical | CNA |
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.6 | Critical | CNA |
Official description
Vulnerabilities* in ActADUR local server product, developed and maintained by ProTNS, allows Remote Code Inclusion on host systems. * vulnerabilities: * Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection') * Use of Hard-coded Credentials * Improper Authentication * Binding to an Unrestricted IP Address The vulnerability has been rated as critical.This issue affects ActADUR: from v2.0.1.9 before v2.0.2.0., hence updating to version v2.0.2.0. or above is required.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities (CWE-77)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other references
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
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