ThinOS 10: Protection Mechanism Failure
CVE-2025-43728 is a critical-severity protection mechanism failure vulnerability in ThinOS 10 from Dell, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 2508_10.0127 as the first without the flaw, so updating ThinOS 10 to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.35% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Update ThinOS 10 to 2508_10.0127 or a later version.
- Update Thinos to 2508 or a later version.
- Read the advisory on dell.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dell | ThinOS 10 | before 2508_10.0127 | 2508_10.0127 |
| Dell | Thinos | before 2508 | 2508 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.6 | Critical | CNA (emc.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | NVD |
Official description
Dell ThinOS 10, versions prior to 2508_10.0127, contain a Protection Mechanism Failure vulnerability. An unauthenticated attacker with remote access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Protection mechanism bypass.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Protection Mechanism Failure
The product does not use or incorrectly uses a protection mechanism that provides sufficient defense against directed attacks against the product.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other vulnerabilities in ThinOS 10
- 8.3 High severity
- 8.6 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.4 Critical severity
Recent Protection Mechanism Failure vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.0 High severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 7.7 High severity
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