paicoding: Origin Validation Error
CVE-2025-4839 is a high-severity origin validation error vulnerability in paicoding from Itwanger, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, but only if a user takes part, for example by opening a link or file. Affected paicoding versions: 1.0.0; 1.0.1; 1.0.2, and others listed below. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.31% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of paicoding you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
- Because the attack needs a user to take part, warn users about unexpected links and files related to this product until it is patched.
Affected products and versions
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- RequiredA user must take an action such as opening a file or link.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- NoneAvailability is not affected.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 2.3 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 3.1 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.1 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 2.6 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
Official description
A vulnerability has been found in itwanger paicoding 1.0.0/1.0.1/1.0.2/1.0.3 and classified as problematic. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the file /paicoding-core/src/main/java/com/github/paicoding/forum/core/util/CrossUtil.java. The manipulation leads to permissive cross-domain policy with untrusted domains. The attack can be launched remotely. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation appears to be difficult. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Origin Validation Error
The product does not properly verify that the source of data or communication is valid.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- vuldb.com/?id.309307Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- vuldb.com/?submit.574826Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
Other references
- vuldb.com/?ctiid.309307Permissions Required, VDB Entry
Other vulnerabilities in paicoding
- 7.5 High severity
- 8.2 High severity
Recent Origin Validation Error vulnerabilities
- 7.4 High severity
- 8.4 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 9.3 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
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