EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
CVE-2025-48978 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in a command vulnerability in EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch from Ubiquiti, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 out of 10. It can be exploited from the same local network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 1.11.1 as the first without the flaw, so updating EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.57% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch to 1.11.1 or a later version.
- Read the advisory on community.ui.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ubiquiti | EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch | 1.11.1 up to, but not including, 1.11.1 | 1.11.1 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- AdjacentThe attacker must be on the same local network segment.
- Attack complexity
- HighSuccess depends on conditions outside the attacker's control.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CISA (ADP).
Official description
An Improper Input Validation in EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch (Version 1.11.0 and earlier) could allow a Command Injection by a malicious actor with access to EdgeSwitch adjacent network. Affected Products: EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch (Version 1.11.0 and earlier) Mitigation: Update the EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch to Version 1.11.1 or later.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities (CWE-77)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Other vulnerabilities in EdgeMAX EdgeSwitch
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.2 High severity
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