PowerCMS: Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File
CVE-2025-54752 is a high-severity improper neutralization of formula elements in a CSV file vulnerability in PowerCMS from Alfasado, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.0 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, but only if a user takes part, for example by opening a link or file. Affected PowerCMS versions: 6.7 and earlier (PowerCMS 6.x series); 5.3 and earlier (PowerCMS 5.x series); 4.6 and earlier (PowerCMS 4.x series). The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.28% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of PowerCMS you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Because the attack needs a user to take part, warn users about unexpected links and files related to this product until it is patched.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Alfasado | PowerCMS | 6.7 and earlier (PowerCMS 6.x series); 5.3 and earlier (PowerCMS 5.x series); 4.6 and earlier (PowerCMS 4.x series) | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- RequiredA user must take an action such as opening a file or link.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 4.8 | Medium | CNA (jpcert.or.jp) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 6.5 | Medium | CNA (jpcert.or.jp) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.0 | High | NVD |
Official description
Multiple versions of PowerCMS improperly neutralize formula elements in a CSV file. If a product user creates a malformed entry and a victim user downloads it as a CSV file and opens it in the user's environment, the embedded code may be executed.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File
The product saves user-provided information into a Comma-Separated Value (CSV) file, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could be interpreted as a command when the file is opened by a spreadsheet product.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- When generating CSV output, ensure that formula-sensitive metacharacters are effectively escaped or removed from all data before storage in the resultant CSV. Risky characters include '=' (equal), '+' (plus), '-' (minus), and '@' (at).
- If a field starts with a formula character, prepend it with a ' (single apostrophe), which prevents Excel from executing the formula.
- Certain implementations of spreadsheet software might disallow formulas from executing if the file is untrusted, or if the file is not authored by the current user.
More Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File vulnerabilities (CWE-1236)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU93412964/Third Party Advisory
- powercms.jp/news/release-powercms-671-531-461.htmlThird Party Advisory
Other vulnerabilities in PowerCMS
- 8.0 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Formula Elements in a CSV File vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
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