CVE-2025-59230Exploited in the wildNVD status: Analyzed
Microsoft Windows Improper Access Control
CVE-2025-59230 is a high-severity improper access control vulnerability in Windows 10 Version 1507 from Microsoft, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 out of 10. It can be exploited with local access to the system by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. The record lists version 10.0.10240.21161 as the first without the flaw, so updating Windows 10 Version 1507 to that release or later removes the exposure. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on October 14, 2025, which means attacks have been observed in the wild.
Patch now
Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.
What to do
- Update Windows 10 Version 1507 to 10.0.10240.21161 or a later version.
- Update Windows 10 Version 1607 to 10.0.14393.8519 or a later version.
- Update Windows 10 Version 1809 to 10.0.17763.7919 or a later version.
- CISA's required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- Read the advisory on msrc.microsoft.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1507 | 10.0.10240.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.10240.21161 | 10.0.10240.21161 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1607 | 10.0.14393.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.14393.8519 | 10.0.14393.8519 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 1809 | 10.0.17763.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.17763.7919 | 10.0.17763.7919 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 21H2 | 10.0.19044.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.19044.6456 | 10.0.19044.6456 |
| Microsoft | Windows 10 Version 22H2 | 10.0.19045.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.19045.6456 | 10.0.19045.6456 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H2 | 10.0.22621.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.22621.6060 | 10.0.22621.6060 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 version 22H3 | 10.0.22631.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.22631.6060 | 10.0.22631.6060 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 23H2 | 10.0.22631.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.22631.6060 | 10.0.22631.6060 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 24H2 | 10.0.26100.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.26100.6899 | 10.0.26100.6899 |
| Microsoft | Windows 11 Version 25H2 | 10.0.26200.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.26200.6899 | 10.0.26200.6899 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 | 6.1.7601.0 up to, but not including, 6.1.7601.27974 | 6.1.7601.27974 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 R2 Service Pack 1 (Server Core installation) | 6.1.7601.0 up to, but not including, 6.1.7601.27974 | 6.1.7601.27974 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 | 6.0.6003.0 up to, but not including, 6.0.6003.23571 | 6.0.6003.23571 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2008 Service Pack 2 (Server Core installation) | 6.0.6003.0 up to, but not including, 6.0.6003.23571 | 6.0.6003.23571 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 | 6.2.9200.0 up to, but not including, 6.2.9200.25722 | 6.2.9200.25722 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 (Server Core installation) | 6.2.9200.0 up to, but not including, 6.2.9200.25722 | 6.2.9200.25722 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 | 6.3.9600.0 up to, but not including, 6.3.9600.22824 | 6.3.9600.22824 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2012 R2 (Server Core installation) | 6.3.9600.0 up to, but not including, 6.3.9600.22824 | 6.3.9600.22824 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 | 10.0.14393.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.14393.8519 | 10.0.14393.8519 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2016 (Server Core installation) | 10.0.14393.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.14393.8519 | 10.0.14393.8519 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 | 10.0.17763.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.17763.7919 | 10.0.17763.7919 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2019 (Server Core installation) | 10.0.17763.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.17763.7919 | 10.0.17763.7919 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022 | 10.0.20348.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.20348.4294 | 10.0.20348.4294 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation) | 10.0.25398.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.25398.1913 | 10.0.25398.1913 |
| Microsoft | Windows Server 2025 | 10.0.26100.0 up to, but not including, 10.0.26100.6899 | 10.0.26100.6899 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE; 12 further products are omitted here. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- LocalThe attacker needs local access or must trick a user into running something.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (microsoft.com).
Official description
Improper access control in Windows Remote Access Connection Manager allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Access Control
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
- Compartmentalize the system to have safe areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area. Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Patches and release notes
- vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/cve-2025-59230-mitigation-script-elevation-of-privilege-vulnerability-affecting-wi…Mitigation, Third Party Advisory
Third-party and government advisories
Other vulnerabilities in Windows 10 Version 1507
- 7.0 High severity
- 7.0 High severity
- 7.7 High severity
- 7.0 High severity
Recent Improper Access Control vulnerabilities
- 8.7 High severity
- 9.9 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
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