QTS: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
CVE-2025-59385 is a critical-severity authentication bypass by spoofing vulnerability in QTS from QNAP, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 as the first without the flaw, so updating QTS to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.64% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 51% of scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Update QTS to 5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 or a later version.
- Update QuTS hero to h5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 or h5.3.1.3292 build 20251024, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- Read the advisory on qnap.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP | QTS | 5.2.x up to, but not including, 5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 | 5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 |
| QNAP | QuTS hero | h5.2.x up to, but not including, h5.2.7.3297 build 20251024; h5.3.x up to, but not including, h5.3.1.3292 build 20251024 | h5.2.7.3297 build 20251024, h5.3.1.3292 build 20251024 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 8.1 | High | CNA (qnapsecurity.com.tw) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | NVD |
Official description
An authentication bypass by spoofing vulnerability has been reported to affect several QNAP operating system versions. The remote attackers can then exploit the vulnerability to access resources which are not otherwise accessible without proper authentication. We have already fixed the vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 and later QuTS hero h5.2.7.3297 build 20251024 and later QuTS hero h5.3.1.3292 build 20251024 and later
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
This attack-focused weakness is caused by incorrectly implemented authentication schemes that are subject to spoofing attacks.
More Authentication Bypass by Spoofing vulnerabilities (CWE-290)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Other vulnerabilities in QTS
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
Recent Authentication Bypass by Spoofing vulnerabilities
- 9.3 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.3 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
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