FortiManager: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
CVE-2025-61625 is a high-severity improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory vulnerability in FortiManager from Fortinet, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected FortiManager versions: 7.6.0 through 7.6.4; 7.4.0 through 7.4.7; 7.2.0 through 7.2.11. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.72% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 54% of scored CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of FortiManager you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Read the advisory on fortiguard.fortinet.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fortinet | FortiManager | 7.6.0 through 7.6.4; 7.4.0 through 7.4.7; 7.2.0 through 7.2.11 | Not stated |
| Fortinet | FortiAnalyzer | 7.6.0 through 7.6.4; 7.4.0 through 7.4.7; 7.2.0 through 7.2.11 | Not stated |
| Fortinet | FortiManager Cloud | 7.6.0 through 7.6.4; 7.4.1 through 7.4.7; 7.2.1 through 7.2.10 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- NoneNo data is disclosed.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (fortinet.com).
Official description
An improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory ('path traversal') vulnerability in Fortinet FortiAnalyzer 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiAnalyzer 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiAnalyzer 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiManager 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiManager 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiManager 7.2.0 through 7.2.11, FortiManager Cloud 7.6.0 through 7.6.4, FortiManager Cloud 7.4.1 through 7.4.7, FortiManager Cloud 7.2.1 through 7.2.10 may allow an authenticated attacker whose profile only has read permission to write and delete files from the underlying filesystem via crafted HTTP or HTTPs requests.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth.
More Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory vulnerabilities (CWE-22)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other vulnerabilities in FortiManager
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
Recent Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory vulnerabilities
- 9.9 Critical severity
- 9.9 Critical severity
- 10.0 Critical severity
- 9.6 Critical severity
- 8.6 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
Spotted an error? Tell us.