cms: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code
CVE-2025-68455 is a high-severity use of externally-controlled input to select classes or code vulnerability in cms from Craft CMS, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.2 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with administrator privileges, without any action from a user. Affected cms versions: >= 5.0.0-RC1, < 5.8.21; >= 4.0.0-RC1, < 4.16.17. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.97% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 62% of scored CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update Craft CMS to 4.16.17 or 5.8.21, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- Read the advisory on github.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Craft CMS | cms | >= 5.0.0-RC1, < 5.8.21; >= 4.0.0-RC1, < 4.16.17 | Not stated |
| Craft CMS | Craft CMS | 4.0.0.1 up to, but not including, 4.16.17; 5.0.1 up to, but not including, 5.8.21; 4.0.0; 5.0.0 | 4.16.17, 5.8.21 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- HighAdministrator-level access is required first.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 8.6 | High | CNA (github.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.2 | High | NVD |
Official description
Craft is a platform for creating digital experiences. Versions 5.0.0-RC1 through 5.8.20 and 4.0.0-RC1 through 4.16.16 are vulnerable to potential authenticated Remote Code Execution via malicious attached Behavior. Note that attackers must have administrator access to the Craft Control Panel for this to work. Users should update to the patched versions (5.8.21 and 4.16.17) to mitigate the issue.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code
The product uses external input with reflection to select which classes or code to use, but it does not sufficiently prevent the input from selecting improper classes or code.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Refactor your code to avoid using reflection.
- Do not use user-controlled inputs to select and load classes or code.
- Apply strict input validation by using allowlists or indirect selection to ensure that the user is only selecting allowable classes or code.
More Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code vulnerabilities (CWE-470)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Patches and release notes
Other vulnerabilities in cms
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.2 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
Recent Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.0 High severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.6 High severity
Spotted an error? Tell us.