O3V2: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
CVE-2025-7415 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component vulnerability in O3V2 from Tenda, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected O3V2 versions: 1.0.0.12(3880). The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 3.45% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 89% of scored CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of O3V2 you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tenda | O3V2 | 1.0.0.12(3880) | Not stated |
| Tenda | O3 Firmware | 1.0.0.12\(3880\) | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 2.1 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 6.3 | Medium | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.8 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 6.5 | Medium | CNA (vuldb.com) |
Official description
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda O3V2 1.0.0.12(3880). This issue affects the function fromTraceroutGet of the file /goform/getTraceroute of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument dest leads to command injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
The product constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Programming languages and supporting technologies might be chosen which are not subject to these issues.
- Utilize an appropriate mix of allowlist and denylist parsing to filter control-plane syntax from all input.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- vuldb.com/?id.315875Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- vuldb.com/?submit.608856Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Tenda3/vuln_48/48.mdExploit, Third Party Advisory
- github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Tenda3/vuln_48/48.md#pocExploit, Third Party Advisory
Other references
- vuldb.com/?ctiid.315875Permissions Required, VDB Entry
- tenda.com.cn/Product
Other vulnerabilities in O3V2
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
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