i-Educar: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
CVE-2025-9236 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component vulnerability in i-Educar from Portabilis, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected i-Educar versions: 2.0; 2.1; 2.2, and others listed below. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.43% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of i-Educar you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Portabilis | i-Educar | 2.0; 2.1; 2.2; 2.3; 2.4; 2.5; 2.6; 2.7; and 3 more ranges | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 2.1 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 6.3 | Medium | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.8 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 6.5 | Medium | CNA (vuldb.com) |
Official description
A vulnerability has been found in Portabilis i-Educar up to 2.10. This affects an unknown function of the file /intranet/educar_tipo_usuario_lst.php of the component Tipos de usuàrio Page. Such manipulation of the argument nm_tipo/descrição leads to sql injection. The attack may be performed from remote. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.12 mitigates this issue. Upgrading the affected component is advised. The vendor confirms: "The reported attack vector was tested against the corrected code, and the previously described SQL Injection behavior could no longer be reproduced."
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
The product constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Programming languages and supporting technologies might be chosen which are not subject to these issues.
- Utilize an appropriate mix of allowlist and denylist parsing to filter control-plane syntax from all input.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- github.com/marcelomulder/CVE/blob/main/i-educar/CVE-2025-9236.mdExploit, Third Party Advisory
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in i-Educar
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component vulnerabilities
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.3 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.3 High severity
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