BaoTa: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
CVE-2026-101008 is a critical-severity improper neutralization of special elements in output used by a downstream component vulnerability in BaoTa from aaPanel, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.1 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with administrator privileges, without any action from a user. Affected BaoTa versions: 11.0; 11.1; 11.2, and others listed below. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 2.34% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 84% of scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Check which version of BaoTa you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| aaPanel | BaoTa | 11.0; 11.1; 11.2; 11.3; 11.4; 11.5; 11.6; 11.7; and 1 more ranges | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- HighAdministrator-level access is required first.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- ChangedThe attack can reach beyond the vulnerable component into other systems.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (vuldb.com).
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 8.5 | High | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.1 | Critical | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 2.0 | 8.3 | High | CNA (vuldb.com) |
Official description
A vulnerability was found in aaPanel BaoTa up to 11.8.0. Impacted is the function merge_split_file of the file /www/server/panel/class/files.py of the component File Merge Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument split_file_path results in command injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component
The product constructs all or part of a command, data structure, or record using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify how it is parsed or interpreted when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Programming languages and supporting technologies might be chosen which are not subject to these issues.
- Utilize an appropriate mix of allowlist and denylist parsing to filter control-plane syntax from all input.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
References
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in BaoTa
- 8.4 High severity
- 8.4 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component vulnerabilities
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 7.3 High severity
- 7.3 High severity
Spotted an error? Tell us.