UFO: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
CVE-2026-105788 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vulnerability in UFO from Microsoft, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected UFO versions: < 3.0.10. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 1.05% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 65% of scored CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of UFO you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Read the advisory on github.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (github.com).
Official description
Microsoft UFO is an open-source framework for intelligent automation across devices and platforms. Prior to 3.0.10, the type_text and launch_app tools in ufo/client/mcp/http_servers/mobile_mcp_server.py pass the authenticated caller-controlled text and package_name parameters into adb shell command argument positions without comprehensive validation. The adb client joins those arguments into a remote command string that the Android shell reparses, allowing shell metacharacters to execute additional commands on an authorized connected device as the Android shell user. Exploitation requires a valid Mobile MCP API key and a reachable device authorized for ADB, and it does not establish host operating-system execution, Android root execution, or access beyond the Android shell-user privileges. This issue is fixed in version 3.0.10.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities (CWE-78)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
References
Patches and release notes
Other vulnerabilities in UFO
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.4 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities
- 7.2 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.6 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
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