Archer VX1800v v1: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
CVE-2026-15428 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vulnerability in Archer VX1800v v1 from TP-Link, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited from the same local network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 0.16.0 2.0.0 v6092.0 Build 260521 RC.7927n as the first without the flaw, so updating Archer VX1800v v1 to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 2.08% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 82% of scored CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update Archer VX1800v v1 to 0.16.0 2.0.0 v6092.0 Build 260521 RC.7927n or a later version.
- Update Archer Vx1800v Firmware to 0.16.0 or a later version.
- Read the advisory on tp-link.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| TP-Link | Archer VX1800v v1 | before 0.16.0 2.0.0 v6092.0 Build 260521 RC.7927n | 0.16.0 2.0.0 v6092.0 Build 260521 RC.7927n |
| TP-Link | Archer Vx1800v Firmware | before 0.16.0; 2.0.0 | 0.16.0 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- AdjacentThe attacker must be on the same local network segment.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 8.5 | High | CNA |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.8 | High | NVD |
Official description
An OS command injection vulnerability exists in Archer VX800v v1 due to insufficient input sanitization of the domain name parameter. An adjacent attacker who can access the relevant HTTP interface can modify the parameter to inject shell metacharacters, resulting in arbitrary code execution with root privileges. Successful exploitation may allow remote code execution and complete compromise of the device.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command
The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities (CWE-78)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Advisories
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in Archer VX1800v v1
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities
- 7.7 High severity
- 8.2 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
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