Vault: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
CVE-2026-4525 is a high-severity insertion of sensitive information into sent data vulnerability in Vault from HashiCorp, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. The record lists version 2.0.0 as the first without the flaw, so updating Vault to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.41% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update Vault to 2.0.0 or a later version.
- Update Vault Enterprise to 2.0.0 or a later version.
- Read the advisory on discuss.hashicorp.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| HashiCorp | Vault | 0.11.2 up to, but not including, 2.0.0 | 2.0.0 |
| HashiCorp | Vault Enterprise | 0.11.2 up to, but not including, 2.0.0 | 2.0.0 |
| Red Hat | Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4 | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
| Red Hat | Red Hat Openshift Data Foundation 4 | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.5 | High | CNA (hashicorp.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.8 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.5 | High | CNA |
Official description
If a Vault auth mount is configured to pass through the "Authorization" header, and the "Authorization" header is used to authenticate to Vault, Vault forwarded the Vault token to the auth plugin backend. Fixed in 2.0.0, 1.21.5, 1.20.10, and 1.19.16.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
The code transmits data to another actor, but a portion of the data includes sensitive information that should not be accessible to that actor.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Specify which data in the software should be regarded as sensitive. Consider which types of users should have access to which types of data.
- Ensure that any possibly sensitive data specified in the requirements is verified with designers to ensure that it is either a calculated risk or mitigated elsewhere. Any information that is not necessary to the functionality should be removed in order to lower both the overhead and the possibility of security sensitive data being sent.
- Setup default error messages so that unexpected errors do not disclose sensitive information.
More Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerabilities (CWE-201)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in Vault
- 7.2 High severity
- 8.0 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 8.6 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
Recent Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data vulnerabilities
- 9.9 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 7.3 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
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