Commvault Cloud: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
CVE-2026-77091 is a high-severity improper limitation of a pathname to a restricted directory vulnerability in Commvault Cloud from Commvault, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.8 out of 10. It can be exploited with local access to the system by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected Commvault Cloud versions: 11.46.0 through 11.46.19; 11.44.0 through 11.44.19; 11.40.0 through 11.40.71, and others listed below. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.18% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update Commvault to 11.36.123 or 11.40.72 or 11.44.20 or 11.46.20, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
- Read the advisory on documentation.commvault.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Commvault | Commvault Cloud | 11.46.0 through 11.46.19; 11.44.0 through 11.44.19; 11.40.0 through 11.40.71; 11.36.0 through 11.36.122 | Not stated |
| Commvault | Commvault | 11.36.0 up to, but not including, 11.36.123; 11.40.0 up to, but not including, 11.40.72; 11.44.0 up to, but not including, 11.44.20; 11.46.0 up to, but not including, 11.46.20 | 11.36.123, 11.40.72, 11.44.20, 11.46.20 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- LocalThe attacker needs local access or must trick a user into running something.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 8.5 | High | CNA |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.8 | High | NVD |
Official description
DataCube contained a path traversal issue affecting security feature enforcement. Software customers upgrade to resolved maintenance release. Update Content Extractor and Index Store.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth.
More Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory vulnerabilities (CWE-22)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other vulnerabilities in Commvault Cloud
- 8.7 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 8.7 High severity
- 7.7 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
Recent Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory vulnerabilities
- 9.0 Critical severity
- 7.6 High severity
- 7.4 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
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