miniOrange 2FA: Improper Authentication
CVE-2026-77771 is a high-severity improper authentication vulnerability in miniOrange 2FA, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.5 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. The record lists versions 6.3.1, 19.3 as the first without the flaw, so updating miniOrange 2FA to one of those releases or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.32% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Update miniOrange 2FA to 6.3.1 or 19.3, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| miniOrange 2FA | miniOrange 2FA | 6.2.8 up to, but not including, 6.3.1; 18.0 up to, but not including, 19.3 | 6.3.1, 19.3 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- HighSuccess depends on conditions outside the attacker's control.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CISA (ADP).
Official description
The miniOrange 2FA WordPress plugin before 6.3.1, miniOrange 2FA WordPress plugin before 19.3 does not scope its second-factor attempt limit to the account being attacked, keying it instead to an identifier the client supplies and can change at will, allowing an attacker who already knows a victim's password to make unlimited one-time-passcode guesses and defeat the second factor. A second validation endpoint applies no attempt limit at all.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Authentication
When an actor claims to have a given identity, the product does not prove or insufficiently proves that the claim is correct.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Use an authentication framework or library such as the OWASP ESAPI Authentication feature.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
References
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in miniOrange 2FA
- 7.5 High severity
- 10.0 Critical severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
Recent Improper Authentication vulnerabilities
- 9.6 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 7.2 High severity
- 7.3 High severity
- 9.3 Critical severity
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