miniOrange OAuth Client (free) extension for…: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
CVE-2026-77995 is a critical-severity authorization bypass through user-controlled key vulnerability in miniOrange OAuth Client (free) extension for Joomla from Miniorange.com, with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 10.0 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected miniOrange OAuth Client (free) extension for Joomla versions: 1.0.0-3.1.9. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.41% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Check which version of miniOrange OAuth Client (free) extension for Joomla you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Miniorange.com | miniOrange OAuth Client (free) extension for Joomla | 1.0.0-3.1.9 | Not stated |
| Miniorange.com | OAuth Single Sign-On – OIDC SSO | Login with Azure AD (free) extension for Joomla | 1.0.0-1.2.1 | Not stated |
| Miniorange.com | Login with Keycloak OAuth Single Sign-On (SSO) (free) extension for Joomla | 1.0.0-1.2.1 | Not stated |
| Miniorange.com | Single Sign-On for Educational Institutes (free) extension for Joomla | 1.0.0-1.2.1 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Attack requirements
- NoneThe attack does not depend on a particular deployment or configuration.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
- HighSerious loss of confidentiality on the vulnerable system.
- Integrity (vulnerable system)
- HighSerious loss of integrity on the vulnerable system.
- Availability (vulnerable system)
- HighSerious loss of availability on the vulnerable system.
- Confidentiality (other systems)
- HighSerious loss of confidentiality on systems beyond the vulnerable one.
- Integrity (other systems)
- HighSerious loss of integrity on systems beyond the vulnerable one.
- Availability (other systems)
- HighSerious loss of availability on systems beyond the vulnerable one.
Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X. Scored by CNA (joomla.org).
Official description
Joomla Extension - miniorange.com - Arbitrary account takeover in miniOrange OAuth Client < 3.2.0, OAuth Single Sign-On – OIDC SSO < 1.2.2, Login with Keycloak OAuth Single Sign-On (SSO) < 1.2.2, Single Sign-On for Educational Institutes < 1.2.2 - The manipulation of a cookie value allows actors to login as arbitrary accounts, including admins.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
The system's authorization functionality does not prevent one user from gaining access to another user's data or record by modifying the key value identifying the data.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- For each and every data access, ensure that the user has sufficient privilege to access the record that is being requested.
- Make sure that the key that is used in the lookup of a specific user's record is not controllable externally by the user or that any tampering can be detected.
- Use encryption in order to make it more difficult to guess other legitimate values of the key or associate a digital signature with the key so that the server can verify that there has been no tampering.
More Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerabilities (CWE-639)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other references
Recent Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerabilities
- 7.1 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.3 Critical severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 9.9 Critical severity
- 8.7 High severity
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