CyberSecBulletin

Stack-based Buffer Overflow

CWE-121

The product writes past the end of a buffer that was allocated on the stack.

We track 2,424 vulnerabilities of this type. 100% are rated high or critical, and the average CVSS score is 8.6. 20 have been exploited in real attacks.

How this weakness is prevented

  • Operation Build and Compilation: Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking. D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND discusses canary-based detection in detail.
  • Architecture and Design: Use an abstraction library to abstract away risky APIs. Not a complete solution.
  • Implementation: Implement and perform bounds checking on input.
  • Implementation: Do not use dangerous functions such as gets. Use safer, equivalent functions which check for boundary errors.

Latest Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerabilities

  • 7.5 High severity

    Tensorflow: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-0649Google

    Incorrect JSON input stringification in Google's Tensorflow serving versions up to 2.18.0 allows for potentially unbounded recursion leading to server crash.

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    DAP-1520: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4356TendaEPSS 1.59%

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda DAP-1520 1.10B04_BETA02. It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function mod_graph_auth_uri_handler of the file /storage of the component Authentication Handler. The manipulation leads to stack-based

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    DAP-1520: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4354TendaEPSS 1.25%

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda DAP-1520 1.10B04_BETA02 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function check_dws_cookie of the file /storage. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The

  • 7.8 High severity

    School Billing System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4077code-projects

    A vulnerability classified as critical was found in code-projects School Billing System 1.0. This vulnerability affects the function searchrec. The manipulation of the argument Name leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack on t

  • 7.8 High severity

    Product Management System: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-4069code-projects

    A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in code-projects Product Management System 1.0. Affected by this issue is the function add_item. The manipulation of the argument st.productname leads to stack-based buffer overflow. An attack h

  • 7.8 High severity

    Simple Movie Ticket Booking System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4068code-projects

    A vulnerability classified as critical was found in code-projects Simple Movie Ticket Booking System 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is the function changeprize. The manipulation of the argument prize leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack needs

  • 7.8 High severity

    Student Information Management System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4063code-projects

    A vulnerability was found in code-projects Student Information Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function cancel. The manipulation of the argument first_name/last_name leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The atta

  • 7.8 High severity

    Theater Seat Booking System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4062code-projects

    A vulnerability has been found in code-projects Theater Seat Booking System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function cancel. The manipulation of the argument cancelcustomername leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is p

  • 7.8 High severity

    Clothing Store Management System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4061code-projects

    A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in code-projects Clothing Store Management System up to 1.0. Affected is the function add_item. The manipulation of the argument st.productname leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Attacking locally

  • 7.8 High severity

    Prison Management System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4059code-projects

    A vulnerability classified as critical was found in code-projects Prison Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects the function addrecord of the component Prison_Mgmt_Sys. The manipulation of the argument filename leads to stack-based buffer overflow.

  • 7.8 High severity

    Personal Diary Management System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-4029code-projects

    A vulnerability was found in code-projects Personal Diary Management System 1.0 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function addrecord of the component New Record Handler. The manipulation of the argument filename leads to stack-based buf

  • 8.8 High severity

    W12: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-4007TendaEPSS 1.02%

    A vulnerability classified as critical was found in Tenda W12 and i24 3.0.0.4(2887)/3.0.0.5(3644). Affected by this vulnerability is the function cgidhcpsCfgSet of the file /goform/modules of the component httpd. The manipulation of the argument json leads to

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    Ac9 Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-45429TendaEPSS 1.09%

    In the Tenda ac9 v1.0 router with firmware V15.03.05.14_multi, there is a stack overflow vulnerability in /goform/WifiWpsStart, which may lead to remote arbitrary code execution.

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    Ac9 Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-45428Tenda

    In Tenda ac9 v1.0 with firmware V15.03.05.14_multi, the rebootTime parameter of /goform/SetSysAutoRebbotCfg has a stack overflow vulnerability, which can lead to remote arbitrary code execution.

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    Ac9 Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-45427Tenda

    In Tenda AC9 v1.0 with firmware V15.03.05.14_multi, the security parameter of /goform/WifiBasicSet has a stack overflow vulnerability, which can lead to remote arbitrary code execution.

  • 7.3 High severity

    A830r Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-28029TOTOLINK

    TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 were found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in cstecgi.cgi

  • 7.3 High severity

    A830r Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-28027TOTOLINK

    TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 was found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi.

  • 7.3 High severity

    A830r Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-28026TOTOLINK

    TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 were found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi.

  • 8.8 High severity

    A810r Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-28030TOTOLINK

    TOTOLINK A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the startTime and endTime parameters in setParentalRules function.

  • 7.3 High severity

    A800r Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-28033TOTOLINK

    TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730, A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026, A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 were found to contain a pre-auth buffer overflow vulnerabilit

  • 7.3 High severity

    A800r Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-28032TOTOLINK

    TOTOLINK A800R V4.1.2cu.5137_B20200730, A810R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201026, A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 contain a pre-auth buffer overflow vulnerability in the setNo

  • 7.3 High severity

    Fleta Ax1500 Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2024-46546NEXTU

    NEXTU FLETA AX1500 WIFI6 Router v1.0.3 was discovered to contain a stack overflow via the url parameter at /boafrm/formFilter. This vulnerability allows attackers to cause a Denial of Service (DoS) via a crafted POST request.

  • 8.8 High severity

    W12: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-3820TendaEPSS 12.7%

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda W12 and i24 3.0.0.4(2887)/3.0.0.5(3644) and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function cgiSysUplinkCheckSet of the file /bin/httpd. The manipulation of the argument hostIp1/hostIp2 leads to stack-based buf

  • 8.8 High severity

    W12: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-3803TendaEPSS 1.04%

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda W12 and i24 3.0.0.4(2887)/3.0.0.5(3644). It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function cgiSysScheduleRebootSet of the file /bin/httpd. The manipulation of the argument rebootDate leads to stack-based buffer o

  • 8.8 High severity

    W12: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-3802TendaEPSS 1.11%

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda W12 and i24 3.0.0.4(2887)/3.0.0.5(3644). It has been declared as critical. This vulnerability affects the function cgiPingSet of the file /bin/httpd. The manipulation of the argument pingIP leads to stack-based buffer overflo

  • 8.8 High severity

    DWR-M961: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-3785D-LinkEPSS 12.8%

    A vulnerability has been found in D-Link DWR-M961 1.1.36 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file /boafrm/formStaticDHCP of the component Authorization Interface. The manipulation of the argument Hostname leads to stack-b

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    Qualitia Active! Mail Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Exploited

    CVE-2025-42599QualitiaEPSS 3.36%

    Active! mail 6 BuildInfo: 6.60.05008561 and earlier contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability. Receiving a specially crafted request created and sent by a remote unauthenticated attacker may lead to arbitrary code execution and/or a denial-of-servic

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    W12: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-3693TendaEPSS 7.39%

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda W12 3.0.0.5. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function cgiWifiRadioSet of the file /bin/httpd. The manipulation leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploi

  • 8.8 High severity

    DI-8100: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-3538D-LinkEPSS 13.2%

    A vulnerability was found in D-Link DI-8100 16.07.26A1. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects the function auth_asp of the file /auth.asp of the component jhttpd. The manipulation of the argument callback leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The a

  • 8.2 High severity

    rancher: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2025-23388SUSE

    A Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability in SUSE rancher allows for denial of service.This issue affects rancher: from 2.8.0 before 2.8.13, from 2.9.0 before 2.9.7, from 2.10.0 before 2.10.3.

  • 7.8 High severity

    Adobe Framemaker: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-30298Adobe

    Adobe Framemaker versions 2020.8, 2022.6 and earlier are affected by a Stack-based Buffer Overflow vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a vi

  • 8.8 High severity

    stb: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

    CVE-2025-3409Nothings

    A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in Nothings stb up to f056911. This affects the function stb_include_string. The manipulation of the argument path_to_includes leads to stack-based buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack rem

  • 7.5 High severity

    HarmonyOS: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2024-58116Huawei

    Buffer overflow vulnerability in the SVG parsing module of the ArkUI framework Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.

  • 7.5 High severity

    HarmonyOS: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2024-58115Huawei

    Buffer overflow vulnerability in the SVG parsing module of the ArkUI framework Impact: Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may affect availability.

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    TinyWebServer: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-3266Qinguoyi

    A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in qinguoyi TinyWebServer up to 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the file /http/http_conn.cpp. The manipulation of the argument name/password leads to stack-based buf

  • 8.8 High severity

    RX3: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-3259TendaEPSS 1.16%

    A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in Tenda RX3 16.03.13.11. This issue affects the function formSetDeviceName of the file /goform/SetOnlineDevName. The manipulation of the argument devName leads to stack-based buffer overflow. T

  • 7.8 High severity

    Product Management System: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-3166code-projects

    A vulnerability classified as critical was found in code-projects Product Management System 1.0. This vulnerability affects the function search_item of the component Search Product Menu. The manipulation of the argument target leads to stack-based buffer overf

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    Ivanti Connect Secure, Policy Secure, and ZTA Gateways Stack-Based Buffer Overflow Exploited

    CVE-2025-22457IvantiEPSS 100%

    A stack-based buffer overflow in Ivanti Connect Secure before version 22.7R2.6, Ivanti Policy Secure before version 22.7R1.4, and Ivanti ZTA Gateways before version 22.8R2.2 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution.

  • 8.8 High severity

    AC10: Out-of-bounds Write

    CVE-2025-3161Tenda

    A vulnerability was found in Tenda AC10 16.03.10.13 and classified as critical. This issue affects the function ShutdownSetAdd of the file /goform/ShutdownSetAdd. The manipulation of the argument list leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be ini

  • 9.8 Critical severity

    Wnr854t Firmware: Stack-based Buffer Overflow

    CVE-2024-54809NETGEAR

    Netgear Inc WNR854T 1.5.2 (North America) contains a stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability in the parse_st_header function due to use of a request header parameter in a strncpy where size is determined based on the input specified. By sending a specially c