Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-787
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
We track 5,885 vulnerabilities of this type. 100% are rated high or critical, and the average CVSS score is 8.3. 167 have been exploited in real attacks.
How this weakness is prevented
- Requirements: Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer. Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
- Architecture and Design: Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega, and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
- Operation Build and Compilation: Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking. D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND discusses canary-based detection in detail.
- Operation: Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment. For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND.
- Implementation: Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Latest Out-of-bounds Write vulnerabilities
- 8.1 High severity
h2o: Out-of-bounds Write
h2o is an HTTP server with support for HTTP/1.x, HTTP/2 and HTTP/3. Prior to commit 48b7ae12107fd2b118e4641da49599e9aac8edd8, H2O's access-log formatter could write past its log-line buffer when an affected custom access-log format was configured. The allocati
- 7.5 High severity
ipfixcol2: Out-of-bounds Write
CESNET ipfixcol2 2.7.1 before 2.9.0 contains a heap-based buffer overflow in Lz4Decoder.cpp that allows unauthenticated network peers to write past heap buffers. Attackers can declare a small ring buffer_size followed by a large decompressed_size to write up t
- 9.3 Critical severity
esp-idf: Out-of-bounds Write
ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. From 5.5.5 until 5.5.6, 6.0.4, and 6.1.1, the esp_tee trap entry in esp_tee_vectors_plic.S and esp_tee_vectors_clic.S saves a caller-controlled register frame through the REE-supplied sta
- 8.1 High severity
FreeRDP: Out-of-bounds Write
FreeRDP before 3.32.2 contains a heap buffer overflow in transport_default_read_pdu when handling partial Early User Authorization reads during PROTOCOL_HYBRID_EX CredSSP. A malicious RDP server can split the four-byte EUA result into short reads that advance
- 9.8 Critical severity
FreeRDP: Out-of-bounds Write
FreeRDP before 3.32.2 has an out-of-bounds write in the proxy because rdp_read_bitmap_cache_v2_capability_set rejects only numCellCaches values above 5, yet the bitmap cache v2 cell array is later accessed at fixed indices 0 through 4. A client connecting to t
- 7.3 High severity
Apache OpenOffice: Out-of-bounds Write
An uncontrolled memory access in the PDF import code of Apache OpenOffice versions through 4.1.16 allows a crafted PDF to cause an out-of-bounds memory write, causing program crash or memory corruption. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.1.17, which
- 7.3 High severity
Apache OpenOffice: Out-of-bounds Write
An uncontrolled memory access in the WMF import code of Apache OpenOffice versions through 4.1.16 allows a crafted WMF file to cause an invalid memory access, causing program crash or memory corruption. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.1.17, which
- 7.3 High severity
Apache OpenOffice: Out-of-bounds Write
An uncontrolled memory access in the PDF import code of Apache OpenOffice versions through 4.1.16 allows a crafted PDF to cause an out-of-bounds memory write, causing program crash or memory corruption. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.1.17, which
- 7.3 High severity
Apache OpenOffice: Out-of-bounds Write
An unchecked memory access in the PDF import code of Apache OpenOffice versions through 4.1.16 on allows a crafted PDF to execute an out-of-bounds memory write. This could crash the program or cause memory corruption. Users are recommended to upgrade to versio
- 7.3 High severity
Apache OpenOffice: Out-of-bounds Write
An out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in Apache OpenOffice versions through 4.1.16 could allow an attacker to craft a Microsoft Word document that would crash the program, or otherwise corrupt other memory areas. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.1.
- 7.8 High severity
zephyr: Out-of-bounds Read
The RTIO submission-queue verifier rtio_vrfy_sqe() in subsys/rtio/rtio_syscalls.c (subsys/rtio/rtio_handlers.c before v4.3.0) accumulated the results of K_SYSCALL_MEMORY() into its valid_sqe flag with &=. That macro returns nonzero on failure (it is built on K
- 8.3 High severity
zephyr: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
The nRF link-layer receive paths of the open-source Bluetooth LE Controller did not validate the on-air LENGTH field of a received PDU against the maximum receive length that was used to program the radio. isr_rx_pdu() in subsys/bluetooth/controller/ll_sw/nord
- 7.8 High severity
zephyr: Out-of-bounds Write
The user-mode syscall verifier z_vrfy_i2s_configure() in drivers/i2s/i2s_handlers.c copies the caller's struct i2s_config in from user memory and then, when cfg->frame_clk_freq is 0 (the API's "unconfigure the stream" request), jumps straight to z_impl_i2s_con
- 8.8 High severity
zephyr: Out-of-bounds Write
Two RTIO syscall verifiers, in subsys/rtio/rtio_syscalls.c (subsys/rtio/rtio_handlers.c before v4.3.0), did not validate user-supplied pointers before the kernel wrote through them. z_vrfy_rtio_sqe_cancel() performed no validation at all. It passed the caller'
- 7.5 High severity
E5600: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
A security flaw has been discovered in Linksys E5600 1.1.0.26. Affected by this issue is the function init_multipart of the file /cgi-bin/upload_fw.cgi of the component Header Parser. The manipulation results in out-of-bounds write. The attack may be launched
- 7.2 High severity
Router firmware: Out-of-bounds Write
Out-of-bounds write in certain ASUS Router firmware allow an unauthenticated nearby attacker to write data beyond the intended buffer or potentially cause a denial-of-service (DoS) via a crafted packet. Refer to the ' Security Update for ASUS Router Firmware '
- 8.1 High severity
libwebsockets: Out-of-bounds Write
libwebsockets MQTT Protocol PUBACK Packet Handling Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of libwebsockets. Authentication is not required to explo
- 9.6 Critical severity
Chrome: Out-of-bounds Write
Out of bounds write in WebGL in Google Chrome on on Android prior to 156.0.8078.47 allowed a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Critical)
- 9.6 Critical severity
Chrome: Out-of-bounds Write
Out of bounds write in ANGLE in Google Chrome on on Windows prior to 157.0.8103.38 allowed a remote attacker to potentially execute arbitrary code outside the sandbox via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: High)
- 7.1 High severity
Atlas SQL ODBC Driver: Out-of-bounds Write
An out-of-bounds write in the MongoDB Atlas SQL ODBC Driver may be triggered when a value of a particular database type is retrieved into a fixed-width client-side target. The driver produces a textual form of the value that is longer than the fixed target the
- 7.0 High severity
monitoring-plugins: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
Monitoring Plugins is a suite of plugins for monitoring applications. From 3.0.0-rc1 until 3.0.1, check_icmp stores the number of hosts supplied through -H or --Host on the command line, or through --extra-opts files containing Host= entries, in an unsigned sh
- 7.5 High severity
µD3TN: Out-of-bounds Write
Remote Unauthenticated Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in µD3TN BPv6 Administrative Record Parser allows Unauthenticated Remote Attacker to Reliably Cause DoS
- 7.4 High severity
NTPsec: Out-of-bounds Write
An out-of-bounds read and write in NTS client extension field parsing (extens_client_recv) in NTPsec before 1.2.5 allows a remote attacker who can send NTP server-mode replies to an NTS client to corrupt heap memory and crash ntpd, and, combined with the NTS-K
- 8.8 High severity
GS1900-24E firmware: Out-of-bounds Write
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel GS1900-24E firmware versions through 2.90(AAHK.2)C0 could allow an unauthenticated adjacent attacker to exploit the flaw and potentially execute OS commands via a crafted HTTP request.
- 8.4 High severity
Android: Out-of-bounds Write
In multiple locations, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 8.4 High severity
Android: Out-of-bounds Write
In descramble of multiple files, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to improper casting. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 9.8 Critical severity
Android: Out-of-bounds Write
In onOutputReceived of FrameDecoder.cpp, there is a possible out-of-bounds write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 8.4 High severity
Android: Out-of-bounds Read
In multiple locations, there is a possible out of bounds read/write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 7.5 High severity
psqlODBC: Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)
psqlODBC sizes its row cache from the column count of a cursor's first result, but recomputes the column count from each later FETCH reply without checking that it matches. A server not trusted under current SSL settings can answer a later FETCH with more colu
- 7.0 High severity
Eclipse ThreadX: Out-of-bounds Write
In Eclipse ThreadX versions 6.0.1 through 6.5.2.202603, the PendSV handler of the Cortex-M module ports saves a preempted user-mode module thread's registers in privileged mode at addresses taken from the thread's stack pointer, without checking that pointer a
- 7.8 High severity
Netpbm: Out-of-bounds Write
Netpbm before 10.86.51, 11.x before 11.02.30, and 11.03 before 11.15.08 contains a heap buffer overflow in xpmtoppm caused by an unvalidated characters-per-pixel value in the XPM header. Attackers can supply a crafted XPM file with characters-per-pixel greater
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User i
- 8.4 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Patch ID: MOLY01778991; Issue
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User i
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User i
- 7.1 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible system crash due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User interact
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to improper input validation. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. Use
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User inte
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. User i
- 7.5 High severity
MediaTek chipset: Out-of-bounds Write
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege, if a UE has connected to a rogue base station controlled by the attacker, with no additional execution privileges needed. Use