CyberSecBulletin
CVE-2016-3081Exploited in the wildNVD status: Analyzed

Apache Struts Command Injection

Published Updated By the CyberSecBulletin desk

CVE-2016-3081 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in a command vulnerability in Agile Controller-campus Firmware from Huawei, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.1 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected Agile Controller-campus Firmware versions: v100r002c00. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on October 8, 2026, which means attacks have been observed in the wild.

Patch now

Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.

What to do

  1. Update Struts to 2.3.20.3 or 2.3.24.3 or 2.3.28.1, whichever matches your release line, or a later version.
  2. CISA's required action: Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.
  3. Read the advisory on huawei.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
  4. Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.

Affected products and versions

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed in
HuaweiAgile Controller-campus Firmwarev100r002c00Not stated
HuaweiAnyofficev200r005c00; v200r006c00Not stated
HuaweiLogcenterv100r001c10; v100r001c20Not stated
HuaweiFirehunter6000 Firmwarev100r001c20Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 5300 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 5500 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 5600 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 5800 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 6800 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 18500 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 18500f Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 18800 V3 Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 18800f Firmwarev300r001; v300r002; v300r003c00; v300r003c10Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor 9000 Firmwarev100r001c01; v100r001c30; v300r005c00Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor N8500 Firmwarev200r001c09spc505; v200r001c91spc205; v200r001c91spc900; v200r001c91spc901Not stated
HuaweiOceanstor Onebox Firmwarev100r003c10Not stated
ApacheStruts2.3.20 up to, but not including, 2.3.20.3; 2.3.21 up to, but not including, 2.3.24.3; 2.3.25 up to, but not including, 2.3.28.12.3.20.3, 2.3.24.3, 2.3.28.1
OracleFlexcube Private Banking2.0.0.0; 2.0.1; 2.2.0; 12.0.1; 12.0.3; 12.1.0Not stated
OracleMicros Retail Xbri Loss Prevention10.0.1; 10.5.0; 10.6.0; 10.7.0; 10.8.0; 10.8.1Not stated
OracleSiebel E-billing7.1Not stated

Version data comes from NVD's product matching. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.

How the severity score breaks down

Attack vector
NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
Attack complexity
HighSuccess depends on conditions outside the attacker's control.
Privileges required
NoneNo account or login is needed.
User interaction
NoneNo action by a victim is required.
Scope
UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
Confidentiality
HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
Integrity
HighData or code can be modified at will.
Availability
HighThe component can be taken down completely.

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.

Scoring systemScoreSeverityScored by
CVSS 3.18.1HighNVD
CVSS 3.18.1HighCISA (ADP)
CVSS 2.09.3HighNVD

Official description

Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method: prefix, related to chained expressions.

Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.

The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command

The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.

How developers prevent this class of flaw

  • If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
  • If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
  • Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.

More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities (CWE-77)

Timeline

  1. CVE record published.
  2. CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
  3. Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
  4. Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
  5. Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.

References

Third-party and government advisories

Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)

Other vulnerabilities in Agile Controller-campus Firmware

All Agile Controller-campus Firmware vulnerabilities

Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities

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