CENTUM VP: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
CVE-2022-23402 is a critical-severity use of hard-coded credentials vulnerability in CENTUM VP from Yokogawa Electric, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected CENTUM VP versions: versions from R5.01.00 to R5.04.20; versions from R6.01.00 to R6.08.00. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 1% chance of exploitation within 30 days, higher than 63% of scored CVEs.
Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.
What to do
- Update Centum Vp Firmware to r6.09.00 or a later version.
- Update Centum Vp Entry Firmware to r6.09.00 or a later version.
- Read the advisory on web-material3.yokogawa.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yokogawa Electric | CENTUM VP | versions from R5.01.00 to R5.04.20; versions from R6.01.00 to R6.08.00 | Not stated |
| Yokogawa Electric | Exaopc | versions from R3.72.00 to R3.79.00 | Not stated |
| Yokogawa | Centum Vp Firmware | r5.01.00 through r5.04.20; r6.01.00 up to, but not including, r6.09.00 | r6.09.00 |
| Yokogawa | Centum Vp Entry Firmware | r5.01.00 through r5.04.20; r6.01.00 up to, but not including, r6.09.00 | r6.09.00 |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 7.5 | High | NVD |
Official description
The following Yokogawa Electric products hard-code the password for CAMS server applications: CENTUM VP versions from R5.01.00 to R5.04.20 and versions from R6.01.00 to R6.08.00, Exaopc versions from R3.72.00 to R3.79.00
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Use of Hard-coded Credentials
The product contains hard-coded credentials, such as a password or cryptographic key.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- For outbound authentication: store passwords, keys, and other credentials outside of the code in a strongly-protected, encrypted configuration file or database that is protected from access by all outsiders, including other local users on the same system. Properly protect the key (CWE-320). If you cannot use encryption to protect the file, then make sure that the permissions are as restrictive as possible. In Windows environments, the Encrypted File System (EFS) may provide some protection.
- For inbound authentication: Rather than hard-code a default username and password, key, or other authentication credentials for first time logins, utilize a first login mode that requires the user to enter a unique strong password or key.
- If the product must contain hard-coded credentials or they cannot be removed, perform access control checks and limit which entities can access the feature that requires the hard-coded credentials. For example, a feature might only be enabled through the system console instead of through a network connection.
More Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerabilities (CWE-798)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other vulnerabilities in CENTUM VP
- 8.5 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
Recent Use of Hard-coded Credentials vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 7.8 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.8 High severity
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