CyberSecBulletin
CVE-2025-9377Exploited in the wildNVD status: Analyzed

TP-Link Archer C7(EU) and TL-WR841N/ND(MS) OS Command Injection

Published Updated By the CyberSecBulletin desk

CVE-2025-9377 is a high-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in an OS command vulnerability in Archer C7(EU) V2 from TP-Link, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.2 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an attacker with administrator privileges, without any action from a user. The record lists version 241108 as the first without the flaw, so updating Archer C7(EU) V2 to that release or later removes the exposure. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on September 3, 2025, which means attacks have been observed in the wild.

Patch now

Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.

What to do

  1. Update Archer C7(EU) V2 to 241108 or a later version.
  2. Update TL-WR841N/ND(MS) V9 to 241108 or a later version.
  3. Update Tl-wr841n Firmware to 241108 or a later version.
  4. CISA's required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
  5. Read the advisory on tp-link.com for workarounds and exact fixed builds.

Affected products and versions

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed in
TP-LinkArcher C7(EU) V2before 241108241108
TP-LinkTL-WR841N/ND(MS) V9before 241108241108
TP-LinkTl-wr841n Firmwarebefore 241108241108
TP-LinkTl-wr841nd Firmwarebefore 241108241108
TP-LinkArcher C7 Firmwarebefore 241108241108

Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.

How the severity score breaks down

Attack vector
NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
Attack complexity
LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
Privileges required
HighAdministrator-level access is required first.
User interaction
NoneNo action by a victim is required.
Scope
UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
Confidentiality
HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
Integrity
HighData or code can be modified at will.
Availability
HighThe component can be taken down completely.

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.

Scoring systemScoreSeverityScored by
CVSS 4.08.6HighCNA
CVSS 3.17.2HighNVD

Official description

The authenticated remote command execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in the Parental Control page on TP-Link Archer C7(EU) V2 and TL-WR841N/ND(MS) V9. This issue affects Archer C7(EU) V2: before 241108 and TL-WR841N/ND(MS) V9: before 241108. Both products have reached the status of EOL (end-of-life). It's recommending to purchase the new product to ensure better performance and security. If replacement is not an option in the short term, please use the second reference link to download and install the patch(es).

Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.

The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command

The product constructs all or part of an OS command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended OS command before it is sent to a downstream component.

How developers prevent this class of flaw

  • If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
  • For any data that will be used to generate a command to be executed, keep as much of that data out of external control as possible. For example, in web applications, this may require storing the data locally in the session's state instead of sending it out to the client in a hidden form field.
  • For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities (CWE-78)

Timeline

  1. CVE record published.
  2. CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
  3. Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
  4. Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
  5. Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).

References

Third-party and government advisories

Other references

Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command vulnerabilities

Spotted an error? Tell us.