ReSpeaker: Use of Default Credentials
CVE-2025-9576 is a high-severity use of default credentials vulnerability in ReSpeaker from Seeedstudio, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.0 out of 10. It can be exploited with local access to the system by an attacker with a low-privileged account, without any action from a user. Affected ReSpeaker versions: LinkIt7688. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.23% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of ReSpeaker you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Seeedstudio | ReSpeaker | LinkIt7688 | Not stated |
| Seeedstudio | Linkit Smart 7688 Firmware | Not specified in the record | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- LocalThe attacker needs local access or must trick a user into running something.
- Attack complexity
- HighSuccess depends on conditions outside the attacker's control.
- Privileges required
- LowA basic user account is enough.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 1.1 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 2.5 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.0 | High | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 1.0 | Low | CNA (vuldb.com) |
Official description
A vulnerability was identified in seeedstudio ReSpeaker LinkIt7688. Impacted is an unknown function of the file /etc/shadow of the component Administrative Interface. The manipulation leads to use of default credentials. An attack has to be approached locally. A high degree of complexity is needed for the attack. The exploitability is considered difficult. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Use of Default Credentials
The product uses default credentials (such as passwords or cryptographic keys) for potentially critical functionality.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Prohibit use of default, hard-coded, or other values that do not vary for each installation of the product - especially for separate organizations.
- Force the administrator to change the credential upon installation.
- The product administrator could change the defaults upon installation or during operation.
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: poc, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Third-party and government advisories
- vuldb.com/?id.321690Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- vuldb.com/?submit.636068Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- github.com/XXRicardo/iot-cve/blob/main/seeedstudio/ramips-openwrt-LinkIt7688.mdExploit, Third Party Advisory
- github.com/XXRicardo/iot-cve/blob/main/seeedstudio/ramips-openwrt-LinkIt7688.md#steps-to-reproduceExploit, Third Party Advisory
Other references
- vuldb.com/?ctiid.321690Permissions Required, VDB Entry
Recent Use of Default Credentials vulnerabilities
- 7.0 High severity
- 7.5 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.1 Critical severity
- 7.3 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
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