DrayTek Vigor Routers OS Command Injection
CVE-2024-12987 is a critical-severity improper neutralization of special elements used in a command vulnerability in Vigor2960 from DrayTek, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 9.8 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected Vigor2960 versions: 1.5.1.4. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue on May 15, 2025, which means attacks have been observed in the wild.
Attackers are already exploiting this vulnerability, according to CISA.
What to do
- Check which version of Vigor2960 you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- CISA's required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
- Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| DrayTek | Vigor2960 | 1.5.1.4 | Not stated |
| DrayTek | Vigor300B | 1.5.1.4 | Not stated |
| Draytek | Vigor300b Firmware | 1.5.1.4 | Not stated |
| Draytek | Vigor2960 Firmware | 1.5.1.4 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- NoneNo action by a victim is required.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by NVD.
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 6.9 | Medium | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 7.3 | High | CNA (vuldb.com) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 9.8 | Critical | NVD |
| CVSS 2.0 | 7.5 | High | CNA (vuldb.com) |
Official description
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in DrayTek Vigor2960 and Vigor300B 1.5.1.4. Affected is an unknown function of the file /cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi/apmcfgupload of the component Web Management Interface. The manipulation of the argument session leads to os command injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 1.5.1.5 is able to address this issue. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command
The product constructs all or part of a command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended command when it is sent to a downstream component.
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- If at all possible, use library calls rather than external processes to recreate the desired functionality.
- If possible, ensure that all external commands called from the program are statically created.
- Run time: Run time policy enforcement may be used in an allowlist fashion to prevent use of any non-sanctioned commands.
More Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities (CWE-77)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- Added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalogue.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: active, automatable: yes, technical impact: total).
- Deadline for US federal agencies to remediate, set by CISA.
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Patches and release notes
Third-party and government advisories
- vuldb.com/?id.289380Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- vuldb.com/?submit.468795Third Party Advisory, VDB Entry
- cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-12987US Government Resource
Technical write-ups (may include proof of concept)
- netsecfish.notion.site/Command-Injection-in-apmcfgupload-endpoint-for-DrayTek-Gateway-Devices-1676b683e67c804…Exploit, Third Party Advisory
Other references
- vuldb.com/?ctiid.289380Permissions Required, VDB Entry
- fw.draytek.com.tw/Vigor3900/Firmware/v1.5.1.5/DrayTek_Vigor3900_V1.5.1.5_01release-note.pdfNot Applicable
Other vulnerabilities in Vigor2960
- 7.4 High severity
- 7.4 High severity
- 7.4 High severity
- 7.4 High severity
- 7.4 High severity
- 9.9 Critical severity
Recent Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command vulnerabilities
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 8.0 High severity
- 9.8 Critical severity
- 7.1 High severity
- 7.1 High severity
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