CyberSecBulletin
CVE-2025-10678NVD status: Deferred

NetBird: Use of Default Credentials

Published Updated By the CyberSecBulletin desk

CVE-2025-10678 is a critical-severity use of default credentials vulnerability in NetBird from NetBird VPN, with a CVSS 4.0 base score of 9.3 out of 10. It can be exploited remotely over the network by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. The record lists version 0.57.0 as the first without the flaw, so updating NetBird to that release or later removes the exposure. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.42% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.

Patch this week

Critical severity: a successful attack would have severe impact.

What to do

  1. Update NetBird to 0.57.0 or a later version.
  2. Until you can update, restrict network access to the affected service so it is not reachable from untrusted networks.

Affected products and versions

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed in
NetBird VPNNetBirdbefore 0.57.00.57.0

Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.

How the severity score breaks down

Attack vector
NetworkCan be exploited remotely over a network, including the internet.
Attack complexity
LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
Attack requirements
NoneThe attack does not depend on a particular deployment or configuration.
Privileges required
NoneNo account or login is needed.
User interaction
NoneNo action by a victim is required.
Confidentiality (vulnerable system)
HighSerious loss of confidentiality on the vulnerable system.
Integrity (vulnerable system)
HighSerious loss of integrity on the vulnerable system.
Availability (vulnerable system)
HighSerious loss of availability on the vulnerable system.
Confidentiality (other systems)
NoneNo loss of confidentiality on systems beyond the vulnerable one.
Integrity (other systems)
NoneNo loss of integrity on systems beyond the vulnerable one.
Availability (other systems)
NoneNo loss of availability on systems beyond the vulnerable one.

Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X. Scored by CNA (cert.pl).

Official description

NetBird VPN when installed using vendor's provided script failed to remove or change default password of an admin account created by ZITADEL. This issue affects instances installed using vendor's provided script. This issue may affect instances created with Docker if the default password was not changed nor the user was removed. This issue has been fixed in version 0.57.0

Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.

The underlying weakness: Use of Default Credentials

The product uses default credentials (such as passwords or cryptographic keys) for potentially critical functionality.

How developers prevent this class of flaw

  • Prohibit use of default, hard-coded, or other values that do not vary for each installation of the product - especially for separate organizations.
  • Force the administrator to change the credential upon installation.
  • The product administrator could change the defaults upon installation or during operation.

More Use of Default Credentials vulnerabilities (CWE-1392)

Timeline

  1. CVE record published.
  2. CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: partial).
  3. Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).

References

Recent Use of Default Credentials vulnerabilities

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