In-Sight 2000 series: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
CVE-2025-54810 is a high-severity authentication bypass by capture-replay vulnerability in In-Sight 2000 series from Cognex, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 8.0 out of 10. It can be exploited from the same local network by an unauthenticated attacker, but only if a user takes part, for example by opening a link or file. Affected In-Sight 2000 series versions: 5.x through 6.5.1. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.2% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.
High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.
What to do
- Check which version of In-Sight 2000 series you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.
- Because the attack needs a user to take part, warn users about unexpected links and files related to this product until it is patched.
Affected products and versions
| Vendor | Product | Affected versions | Fixed in |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cognex | In-Sight 2000 series | 5.x through 6.5.1 | Not stated |
| Cognex | In-Sight 7000 series | 5.x through 6.5.1 | Not stated |
| Cognex | In-Sight 8000 series | 5.x through 6.5.1 | Not stated |
| Cognex | In-Sight 9000 series | 5.x through 6.5.1 | Not stated |
| Cognex | In-Sight Explorer | 5.x through 6.5.1 | Not stated |
Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.
How the severity score breaks down
- Attack vector
- AdjacentThe attacker must be on the same local network segment.
- Attack complexity
- LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
- Privileges required
- NoneNo account or login is needed.
- User interaction
- RequiredA user must take an action such as opening a file or link.
- Scope
- UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
- Confidentiality
- HighAll data handled by the component can be read.
- Integrity
- HighData or code can be modified at will.
- Availability
- HighThe component can be taken down completely.
Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (hq.dhs.gov).
| Scoring system | Score | Severity | Scored by |
|---|---|---|---|
| CVSS 4.0 | 8.6 | High | CNA (hq.dhs.gov) |
| CVSS 3.1 | 8.0 | High | CNA (hq.dhs.gov) |
Official description
Cognex In-Sight Explorer and In-Sight Camera Firmware expose a proprietary protocol on TCP port 1069 to perform management operations such as modifying system properties. The user management functionality handles sensitive data such as registered usernames and passwords over an unencrypted channel, allowing an adjacent attacker to intercept valid credentials to gain access to the device.
Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.
The underlying weakness: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
A capture-replay flaw exists when the design of the product makes it possible for a malicious user to sniff network traffic and bypass authentication by replaying it to the server in question to the same effect as the original message (or with minor changes).
How developers prevent this class of flaw
- Utilize some sequence or time stamping functionality along with a checksum which takes this into account in order to ensure that messages can be parsed only once.
- Since any attacker who can listen to traffic can see sequence numbers, it is necessary to sign messages with some kind of cryptography to ensure that sequence numbers are not simply doctored along with content.
More Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerabilities (CWE-294)
Timeline
- CVE record published.
- CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
- Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).
References
Other references
Other vulnerabilities in In-Sight 2000 series
- 7.7 High severity
- 8.0 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 8.8 High severity
- 8.1 High severity
- 8.0 High severity
Recent Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerabilities
- 8.8 High severity
- 9.4 Critical severity
- 9.4 Critical severity
- 7.6 High severity
- 8.0 High severity
- 7.6 High severity
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