CyberSecBulletin
CVE-2025-54860NVD status: Deferred

In-Sight 2000 series: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

Published Updated By the CyberSecBulletin desk

CVE-2025-54860 is a high-severity improper restriction of excessive authentication attempts vulnerability in In-Sight 2000 series from Cognex, with a CVSS 3.1 base score of 7.7 out of 10. It can be exploited with local access to the system by an unauthenticated attacker, without any action from a user. Affected In-Sight 2000 series versions: 5.x through 6.5.1. The record does not name a fixed version, so check the vendor advisory. There is no confirmed exploitation so far. EPSS estimates a 0.14% chance of exploitation within 30 days, which is low compared with other CVEs.

Next patch cycle

High severity with no evidence of exploitation so far.

What to do

  1. Check which version of In-Sight 2000 series you run against the affected versions below, and install the vendor's latest release.

Affected products and versions

VendorProductAffected versionsFixed in
CognexIn-Sight 2000 series5.x through 6.5.1Not stated
CognexIn-Sight 7000 series5.x through 6.5.1Not stated
CognexIn-Sight 8000 series5.x through 6.5.1Not stated
CognexIn-Sight 9000 series5.x through 6.5.1Not stated
CognexIn-Sight Explorer5.x through 6.5.1Not stated

Version data comes from the organisation that assigned the CVE. Confirm against the vendor advisory before deciding you are unaffected.

How the severity score breaks down

Attack vector
LocalThe attacker needs local access or must trick a user into running something.
Attack complexity
LowNo special conditions are needed; the attack works reliably.
Privileges required
NoneNo account or login is needed.
User interaction
NoneNo action by a victim is required.
Scope
UnchangedImpact stays within the vulnerable component.
Confidentiality
NoneNo data is disclosed.
Integrity
HighData or code can be modified at will.
Availability
HighThe component can be taken down completely.

Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H. Scored by CNA (hq.dhs.gov).

Scoring systemScoreSeverityScored by
CVSS 4.06.9MediumCNA (hq.dhs.gov)
CVSS 3.17.7HighCNA (hq.dhs.gov)

Official description

Cognex In-Sight Explorer and In-Sight Camera Firmware expose a telnet-based service on port 23 in order to allow management operations on the device such as firmware upgrades and device reboot requiring an authentication. A wrong management of login failures of the service allows a denial-of-service attack, leaving the telnet service into an unreachable state.

Source: the CVE record as published by its numbering authority, via NVD and CVE.org.

The underlying weakness: Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts

The product does not implement sufficient measures to prevent multiple failed authentication attempts within a short time frame.

How developers prevent this class of flaw

  • Common protection mechanisms include: Disconnecting the user after a small number of failed attempts Implementing a timeout Locking out a targeted account Requiring a computational task on the user's part.
  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. Consider using libraries with authentication capabilities such as OpenSSL or the ESAPI Authenticator.

More Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerabilities (CWE-307)

Timeline

  1. CVE record published.
  2. CISA published its SSVC assessment (exploitation: none, automatable: no, technical impact: total).
  3. Record last changed materially (score, affected products, status or references).

References

Other vulnerabilities in In-Sight 2000 series

All In-Sight 2000 series vulnerabilities

Recent Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts vulnerabilities

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