Out-of-bounds Write
CWE-787
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
We track 5,885 vulnerabilities of this type. 100% are rated high or critical, and the average CVSS score is 8.3. 167 have been exploited in real attacks.
How this weakness is prevented
- Requirements: Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer. Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
- Architecture and Design: Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid. Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega, and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
- Operation Build and Compilation: Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking. D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND discusses canary-based detection in detail.
- Operation: Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment. For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND.
- Implementation: Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Latest Out-of-bounds Write vulnerabilities
- 7.8 High severity
Linux: Out-of-bounds Write
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: fs/adfs: validate nzones in adfs_validate_bblk() Reject ADFS disc records with a zero zone count during boot block validation, before the disc record is used. When nzones is 0, adfs_read_map()
- 7.8 High severity
Linux: Out-of-bounds Write
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ceph: fix a buffer leak in __ceph_setxattr() The old_blob in __ceph_setxattr() can store ci->i_xattrs.prealloc_blob value during the retry. However, it is never called the ceph_buffer_put() fo
- 7.8 High severity
Linux: Out-of-bounds Write
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: xfrm: espintcp: do not reuse an in-progress partial send espintcp keeps a single in-flight transmit in ctx->partial. Before building a new sk_msg, espintcp_sendmsg() first tries to flush that
- 9.8 Critical severity
Linux: Out-of-bounds Write
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: fix fragment reassembly length accounting batman-adv keeps a running payload length for queued fragments and uses it to validate a fragment chain before reassembly. That accounting
- 7.1 High severity
zephyr: Out-of-bounds Write
bt_iso_recv() in subsys/bluetooth/host/iso.c pulled the ISO SDU header (4 bytes) or, when the timestamp flag is set, the timestamped SDU header (8 bytes) from the inbound HCI ISO Data buffer via net_buf_pull_mem() without first checking buf->len. The upstream
- 7.5 High severity
vLLM versions >= 0.10.2 and < 0.13.0 are missing sparse tensor validation in multimodal…
vLLM versions >= 0.10.2 and < 0.13.0 are missing sparse tensor validation in multimodal embeddings processing. Because PyTorch disables sparse tensor invariant checks by default, an attacker can submit crafted embedding requests with malformed (negative or out
- 7.1 High severity
libde265: Out-of-bounds Write
libde265 is an open source implementation of the h.265 video codec. Prior to version 1.0.20, a crafted H.265 bitstream can cause an out-of-bounds array write in `decoder_context::process_reference_picture_set()` (`libde265/decctx.cc:1376`). The root cause is a
- 9.8 Critical severity
proxysql: Out-of-bounds Write
ProxySQL is a proxy for MySQL and its forks, as well as PostgreSQL. Versions 2.0.18 through 3.0.8 have a pre-authentication heap memory corruption vulnerability in the MySQL and PostgreSQL protocol first-read paths. A remote unauthenticated client can declare
- 7.1 High severity
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3 for RHEL 9: Out-of-bounds Write
A remote code execution vulnerability was found in libaom, the reference AV1 codec implementation. Insufficient bounds validation in the AV1 encoder's SVC (Scalable Video Coding) layer ID control allows an attacker to supply crafted video frame pixels that ove
- 7.1 High severity
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AI 3.3 for RHEL 9: Out-of-bounds Write
An arbitrary address write vulnerability was found in libaom, the reference AV1 codec implementation. A missing bounds check in the SVC (Scalable Video Coding) layer ID control function allows an attacker to inject an arbitrary pointer into the cyclic refresh
- 7.1 High severity
openexr: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
OpenEXR is the reference implementation and specification for the EXR image format, widely used in the motion picture industry. In versions 3.4.0 through 3.4.11, an integer overflow in ht_undo_impl() in src/lib/OpenEXRCore/internal_ht.cpp leads to a heap-buffe
- 8.8 High severity
FFmpeg: Out-of-bounds Write
An out-of-bounds write vulnerability in FFmpeg's libavcodec library, specifically in the MagicYUV decoder, allows denial-of-service and, in some cases, can be exploited for remote code execution. This vulnerability is associated with the file libavcodec/magicy
- 8.1 High severity
Connext Professional: Out-of-bounds Write
Out-of-bounds Write vulnerability in RTI Connext Professional (Queueing Service,Core Libraries,Persistence Service) allows Overflow Buffers. This issue affects Connext Professional: from 7.4.0 before 7.7.0, from 7.0.0 before 7.3.1.3, from 6.1.0 before 6.1.*.
- 8.1 High severity
NGINX Open Source: Out-of-bounds Write
NGINX Plus and NGINX Open Source have a vulnerability in the ngx_http_proxy_v2_module and ngx_http_grpc_module modules. This vulnerability exists when the proxy_http_version to 2 or grpc_pass directives are used to proxy HTTP/2 traffic, the ignore_invalid_head
- 7.1 High severity
zephyr: Out-of-bounds Write
Zephyr's Bluetooth Classic Hands-Free Profile (HFP) Hands-Free role parser (subsys/bluetooth/host/classic/hfp_hf.c) contains an out-of-bounds write. During Service Level Connection setup the HF sends AT+CIND=? and parses the AG's +CIND: response in cind_handle
- 7.8 High severity
stable-diffusion.cpp: Out-of-bounds Write
stable-diffusion.cpp is a pure C/C++ library for running diffusion model (Stable Diffusion, Flux, Wan, Qwen Image, Z-Image, and more) inference. In versions prior to master-584-0a7ae07, the pickle .ckpt parser in src/model.cpp contained a heap buffer overflow
- 7.8 High severity
stable-diffusion.cpp: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
stable-diffusion.cpp is a pure C/C++ library for running diffusion model (Stable Diffusion, Flux, Wan, Qwen Image, Z-Image, and more) inference. In versions prior to master-584-0a7ae07, the pickle .ckpt parser in src/model.cpp contained a heap buffer overflow
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
In Modem, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
In numberOfReportBlocks of RtpSession.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 7.8 High severity
Android: Out-of-bounds Write
In Write of msg_to_host_buffer.cc, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an incorrect bounds check. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
In IntfGraphCreate of intfgraph.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 7.8 High severity
Android: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
In ExecuteGraph command handler of EdgeTPU firmware, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with root privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
In RtpSession::rtpSendRtcpPacket, there is a possible OOB write due to a heap buffer overflow. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
In multiple functions of VideoRtpPayloadDecoderNode.cpp, there is a possible out of bounds write due to an integer overflow. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitatio
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
In __mfc_core_nal_q_get_dec_metadata_sei_nal of mfc_core_nal_q.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for
- 8.8 High severity
Android: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
In mfc_core_get_dec_metadata_sei_nal of mfc_core_reg_api.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for explo
- 7.8 High severity
Android: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input
In lwis_io_buffer_write of lwis_io_buffer.c, there is a possible out of bounds write due to memory corruption. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 9.8 Critical severity
Android: Out-of-bounds Write
In WC-Radio, there is a possible out of bounds write due to a missing bounds check. This could lead to remote code execution with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
- 7.8 High severity
stable-diffusion.cpp: Heap-based Buffer Overflow
stable-diffusion.cpp is a pure C/C++ library for running diffusion model (Stable Diffusion, Flux, Wan, Qwen Image, Z-Image, and more) inference. Versions prior to master-584-0a7ae07 are vulnerable to heap buffer overflow in SHORT_BINUNICODE parsing for PyTorch
- 7.5 High severity
Firefox: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Incorrect boundary conditions in the Web Audio component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152, Firefox ESR 140.12, Thunderbird 152, and Thunderbird 140.12.
- 7.8 High severity
Linux: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: net/sched: fix pedit partial COW leading to page cache corruption tcf_pedit_act() computes the COW range for skb_ensure_writable() once before the key loop using tcfp_off_max_hint, but the hin
- 7.8 High severity
LibreOffice: Off-by-one Error
LibreOffice Calc compiles cell formulas when opening a spreadsheet. A heap buffer overflow existed when compiling a very long formula made up of many opening tokens. The array that tracks nesting depth was allocated one element too small for that worst case, s
- 7.3 High severity
LibreOffice: Use After Free
A heap use-after-free existed when importing the blank-width characters of an ODF number format. A position value read from the document was not checked against the length of the format-code string, so a malformed number format could be processed against memor
- 8.6 High severity
nanoMODBUS: Off-by-one Error
nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 contains an off-by-one buffer overflow in the recv_msg_header function of the Modbus/TCP server that allows remote unauthenticated attackers to write one attacker-controlled byte past the end of the 260-byte receive buffer by sending
- 7.8 High severity
Avira Antivirus: Out-of-bounds Write
Heap buffer out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Avira Antivirus engine when scanning a malformed POSIX tar archive may allow Local Execution of Code or Denial-of-Service of the antivirus engine process. This issue affects Avira Antivirus on Windows, macOS, an
- 7.8 High severity
Avira Antivirus: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
Heap buffer out-of-bounds write vulnerability due to integer overflow in Avira Antivirus engine when scanning a malformed MS-DOS executable file may allow Local Execution of Code or Denial-of-Service of the antivirus engine process. This issue affects Avira An
- 9.8 Critical severity
Graphics DDK: Out-of-bounds Write
A web page that contains unusual WebGPU content loaded into the GPU GLES render process and can trigger an out-of-bound write in the GPU user-space driver, leading to memory corruption and possible browser/GPU process crash. The software computes a required me
- 8.8 High severity
Graphics DDK: Out-of-bounds Write
Software installed and run as a non-privileged user may conduct intentional GPU sparse memory API calls to cause out of bounds write in the kernel. The product incorrectly indexes internal state when performing sparse allocation remapping.
- 7.8 High severity
Avast Antivirus: Out-of-bounds Write
Heap buffer out-of-bounds write vulnerability in Avast Antivirus when scanning a malformed Windows PE file may allow Local Execution of Code or Denial-of-Service of the antivirus process. This issue affects Avast Antivirus, AVG Antivirus, Norton Antivirus, Ava
- 7.8 High severity
Acrobat DC: Out-of-bounds Write
Acrobat Reader versions 24.001.30365, 26.001.21651 and earlier are affected by an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Exploitation of this issue requires user interaction in that a